Active Vocabulary.

mystery	таємниця
recollection	спогад, пам’ять
vivid	яскравий, чіткий, ясний
sharp	гострий, виразний
blur	пляма, розпливчаста пляма, нечіткі контури
murky	темний, похмурий
recall	згадувати, нагадувати, воскрешати (у пам’яті)
sweep	мчатися, проноситися
overview	огляд
minutiae	дрібниці, деталі
receptacle	вмістилище, сховище, резервуар
depend upon	залежати
retain	утримувати, зберігати
hold	тримати, утримувати
capacity	місткість, ємкість
chunk	шматок
elaborate	складний, вироблений
sentence	речення, вислів
string	низка, ряд
consolidate	об’єднувати(ся)
recognize	дізнаватися
unlike	на відміну від
comparatively	порівняно
duration	тривалість
leap	стрибок
random	вибраний навмання, випадковий
screech	пронизливо або зловісно кричати
robbery	крадіжка, грабіж
jot	стисло записати
although	хоча
diverge	розходитися, відхилятися
pathway	стежина, доріжка
infancy	дитинство (раннє)
retrieval	повернення, виправлення
rudimentary	елементарний, недорозвинений
stride	крок
mystify	містифікувати, вводити в оману

 

Grammar and Vocabulary Exercises

Study the text, and find sentences with the Gerund. Translate them into Ukrainian.

 

2. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:

1. Asking him about it was useless.

2. Newton’s having discovered the law of gravitation contributed much to world science.

3. The trouble was his not coming in time.

4. Avoid making such bad mistakes.

5. We succeeded in accomplishing our task.

6. This is the method of solving such problems.

7. After discussing the point, we went on working.

8. The good results are due to his hard working.

9. It’s worth while discussing the phenomenon.

10. It’s no good arguing about it.

 

3. Observe the identical form of the Ukrainian translation of both the Participle and the Gerund as an adverbial modifier of time and manner:

a)	On arriving home	I was told that news.
	Arriving home
	Having arrived home
b)	Listening to tapes every day	You will improve your pronunciation
	By listening to tapes every day
c)	After discussing the problem in detail	they found the best solution
	Having discussed the problem in detail

4. Underline the affixes, state what part of speech they indicate and translate them into Ukrainian:

seem – seeming; blur – blurred; sweep – sweeping; hold – holding; consolidate – consolidating; compare – comparatively.

5. Look through the text and give Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:

recollection; blur; depend upon; receptacle; hold; chunk; consolidate; random; diverge; at first glance; in order for; although; rudimentary; pathway; stride.

 

6. Look through the text and give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:

тримати; складний; тривалість; стрибок; вибраний навмання; крадіжка; дитинство; на відміну від; зберігати; тривалість; порівняння; низка; нечіткі контури; резервуар; залежати; порівняно.

 

7. Complete these sentences:

1. What makes memory so hard to understand is ….

2. Sometimes we recall things in ….

3. Short-term memory serves as a kind of holding pen for ….

4. The capacity of STM is limited to ….

5. STM capacity can thus be enhanced by ….

6. Long-term memory has a comparatively ….

7. A random license plate on a random car might be ….

8. Some suggest that the structure of a nerve pathway changes when data are preserved, forming ….

 

8. Combine the words from the left-and right-hand columns to make word-combinations. Translate them into Ukrainian:

seeming	understanding
vivid	road map
sweeping	caprice
limitless	bit of information
individual	stride
meaningful	pathway
long-term	units
random	capacity
neural	car
nerve	overviews
rudimentary	memory
significant	recollections

 

Compose sentences in English using the word-combinations from Ex. 8.