Methodical recommendation for the laboratory lesson

SEMEY STATE MEDICAL ACADEMY

 

 

Specialty:0501301General medicine

Discipline: chemistry

Chair:of chemistry and technology of medicine

Higher base medical education, course – 1

Topic №10: Aldehydes and ketones. Nucleophilic addition reaction. Carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids.

 

 

 

Semey 2007

 

 

Approved

on the chair meeting from “_____”____________2007.

Protocol № ____

 

Head of the chair of chemistry and technology of medicine,

prof. __________ Gavrilenko I.V

1.Topic№10:Aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids.

2.Aim: to fasten the knowledge about electronic structure carbonyl and carboxylic groups; study the chemical characteristic an aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid.

 

3.Objectives of teaching:to teach to execute the chemical reactions, characterizing, properties of carbonyl compounds. To study of the subject to form the knowledge of the regularities and particularities of the chemical behaviour carbonyl compounds and its functional derivatives.

4. Basic questions:

1. The general characteristic to reactionary ability carbonyl compounds.

2. Nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones.

a) reception and hydrolysis of acetal

b) aldol condencation reaction

3.Oxidation-reduction reaction of aldehydes. Dismutation of aldehydes.

4. Carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids.

5. Electronic structure of carbonyl groups and carboxylate (acilate) ions. СН-acidity of a-carbon atom.

6. Nucleophilic substitution reaction of sp²-hybridization carbon atom:

a) acylation reaction – formation of anhydrates.

b) reaction of complex ester, thioester, amides. Hydrolysis of these compounds.

7. Particularities of chemical properties of dicarboxylic acids.

8. Notion about derivatives of carboxylic acids.

5. Methods of teaching:

The determining initial level knowledge’s of student on chemistry. The conversation and questioning on topic of the lesson. Fulfilling the laboratory work and protection of the report.