Computer animation
Computer animation is the art of creating moving images via the use of computers. It is a subfield of computer graphics and animation. Increasingly it is created by means of 3D computer graphics, though 2D computer graphics are still widely used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster real-time rendering needs. It is also referred to as CGI (Computer-generated imagery or computer-generated imaging), especially when used in films. Virtual entities may contain and be controlled by assorted attributes, such as transform values (location, orientation, and scale) stored in an object's transformation matrix. Animation is the change of an attribute over time. Multiple methods of achieving animation exist; the rudimentary form is based on the creation and editing of keyframes, each storing a value at a given time, per attribute to be animated. The 2D/3D graphics software will interpolate between keyframes, creating an editable curve of a value mapped over time, resulting in animation. Other methods of animation include procedural and expression-based techniques: the former consolidates related elements of animated entities into sets of attributes, useful for creating particle effects and crowd simulations; the latter allows an evaluated result returned from a user-defined logical expression, coupled with mathematics, to automate animation in a predictable way. (based on: http://en.wikipedia.org) 2. Find English equivalents in the text: Взаємодіяти з, значний вплив, технічне креслення, растрова графіка, доповнюючий, містити зображення, гнучкість, виклад, модель дротяного каркасу, розмитий, підгалузь, дедалі більшою мірою, ширина смуги (частот), зображення згенеровані комп’ютером, підібрані атрибути, масштаб, матриця перетворення, ключевий кадр, крива, яку можна редагувати, процедурні методи, моделювання натовпу, в поєднанні з, автоматизувати.
3. Answer the questions: 1. What are computer graphics? 2. What spheres have computer graphics had a profound impact in? 3. Where are 2D computer graphics used? 4. What are raster graphics? 5. What are the differences between 3D and 2D computer graphics? 6. What are some 3D computer graphics software for users to create 3D images? 7. Where are transform values stored? 8. What is the rudimentary form of achieving animation? 9. What technique of animation is useful for crowd simulations? 10. What allows automating animation in a predictable way?
4. Read and translate the text. Insert the appropriate heading for each paragraph: In the Beginning: Preproduction, Putting It All in Motion, The Game World, Creating the Characters, Postproduction, Code.
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