IV Discuss the given questions with a partner.

1 What prevents the generator from receiving excitation voltages when the

frequency is too low?

2 Why is controlling the rotor rpm the only means of fine-tuning the output

frequency of a generator?

3 What two components are joined by the CSD?

4 List the components of the CSD.

5 When the input engine rpm is too low, what happens to the CSD hydraulic

pump?

6 How is the CSD/generator system protected during under speed conditions?

V Grammar:Infinitive

Infinitive is a non-finite form of the verb that follows particle ‘to’. There are

cases in which the particle ‘to’ is not used with infinitives or we use bare

infinitives.

They are the follows:

-after modals such as must, can/can’t/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would,needn’t:

Our friends must visit us when they are in Almaty. You need n’t worry.

-after such expressions as had better, would rather:

She’ drather play dombyra than piano. She’ d better go home now.

-after modal expressions – would rather, had better:

We’ drather take a taxi there than take the bus. We’ dbetter go home now.

-after auxiliaries don’t/doesn’t/will, do/did:

She doesn’t speak English. They will meet us tomorrow. Did you pass the exam?

-as a part of the Complex Object after verbs of inducement: make, bid, let, have:

Anel made the child cry. Let’s be friends.

-as a part of the complex object after verbs denoting sense perception

see/watch/observe/notice/hear/listen to/feel etc. + object:

I didn’t hear you come in. We saw her cross the street.

-after phrases with ‘but’: cannot but, do anything but, do nothing but, couldn’t but: Did they do anything but ask question?

- after ‘why not …’ sentences: Why not phone him tomorrow?

-when there is a series of infinitives after a verb: We’d like to come and see them.

The nominal features of the infinitive are revealed in its syntactic functions as

subject, predicate, object, attribute, adverbial modifier of purpose.

To learn English grammar isn’t easy thing. (subject)

To make a mistake like that is very careless. (subject)

They promised to help us. (object)

They hope to win the match. (object)

We saw the chance to escape into the garden. (attribute)

I think I will go to England to improve my English. (adverbial modifier of purpose)

The aim of the book is to give the reader the correct grammar. (predicate)

Besides, the infinitive enters into the specific grammatical patterns namely complex subject and complex object.

Complex subject includes the two elements, the first functions as subject, the

other one is part of the compound verbal predicate. Asel is said to resemble him.

Complex subject is used after the following pairs of synonymous verbs in the

Active Voice: turn out, prove, happen, chance, seem, appear.

Their statement turned out to be false. Anel chanced to be in the park when he was there.

The talks appear to have been friendly and fruitful. Dariga seems to have received to cable.

Perhaps the magazine will prove to be useful after all.

Complex subject is used with the following groups of verbs in the passive:

-with verbs denoting sense perception: to see, to hear, etc. She was heard to laugh heartily.

The dark-haired woman was seen to leave the restaurant.

-with verbs to say, to report, to allege: She is alleged to have passed on secret information to a newspaper.They are reported to have seen in Astana.She is said to be the richest woman in the country.

-with verbs denoting mental activity: to suppose, to think, to know, to expect, to believe:

They were supposed to have left the city.The book is believed to have been written

in the fifteenth century.

-with the verb to make: They were made to wait for hours.