Various ways of word-building
The English vocabulary is constantly changing. Some words drop out of it, new words appear. Word-building is a process of creating new words from the material available in the language after certain structural and semantic patterns. e.g. "driver"; is formed after the pattern V+er, (i.e. a verb stem + the noun-forming suffix -er) Under the term "word-building" many types of enriching the English Vocabulary are combined. І. The most important among them is morphological type, in which a new word is formed by means of uniting morphemes. The morphological type is subdivided into such ways of word-formation: 1. Affixation (or derivation) - which is the creation of new words by means of affixes. e.g. luck – lucky - unlucky - unluckily 2. Composition - a very ancient but still productive way of forming new words by means of combining two or more root morphemes together. e.g. inkpot, text-book, black-board 3. Shortening (abbreviation) in which the word loses one or more sounds. e.g. vacation – vac, telephone – phone 4. Reduplication with the repetition of the stem e.g. shilly-shally, walky-talky, murmur
ІІ. A very productive type of forming new words in English is so called morphologo-syntactic conversion. e.g. paper – to paper
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