E Write: Show where the adverbs in brackets will go in the sentences that follow them. A SAFE PLACE(1 either) My aunt, Millie, always said she had some jewels which she would leave to me, but when she died she didn't leave any money and she didn't leave any jewels. (2even) My mother was surprised. (3too) 'I know she had some rings and some lovely necklaces. (4only) I saw them once, but perhaps she sold them. (5as well) My mother and I looked everywhere: we looked in the bedrooms, in the bathroom, and in the attic, but we found nothing. (6also) 'Millie was very careful and was afraid of burglars,' mother said, 'but I don't think she hid her jewels anywhere. (7too) Let's go home, and we'd better take all the food in the deep freeze.' On Sunday, mother said to me, 'I'm going to cook this lovely goose which was in your aunt Millie's deep freeze. I'll prepare some stuffing and you can stuff the goose.' (8too) Five minutes later I screamed with surprise: the goose was full of jewels and there were some gold coins!
Viewpoint adverbs, connecting adverbs and inversion 7.8A Viewpoint adverbs [> LEG 7.57, App 17] We may express our 'viewpoint' in speech or in writing using adverbs like these: - (= I'm sure): clearly, definitely, honestly, naturally, obviously, really, strictly speaking. - (= I'm going to be brief): anyhow, briefly, in brief, in effect, in a few words, in short. - (= I'm expressing my opinion): as far as I'm concerned, frankly, in my opinion, I think. Write: Mark the 'viewpoints' (a-i) that are expressed in this text: Viewpoints: A) I am making a generalization; B) the reason for this was; C) I don't want you to repeat this; d) I was pleased; e)as was to be expected; f) I am sure; g) the important thing is this; h) I'm being honest; i) I'm expressing my opinion. I was agreeably ('d) surprised to learn that I had passed my history exam. Between ourselves, (2...) I was expecting to fail. After all, (3...) I hadn't done any work and, naturally, (4....) I didn't think I deserved to pass. So when the results came, I was expecting the worst. As a general rule, (5...) you get what you deserve and this is certainly (6...) true of exams. Frankly, (7...) I deserved to fail, but, I not only passed, I even got very good marks. This only shows that luck can help; at any rate, (8...) it helped in my case. In my view, (9...) it just shows that passing exams is not always a matter of hard work.
7.8B Connecting adverbs [> LEG 7.53, App 18] We can connect ideas in speech or writing using adverbs like these: - (= I'm adding something): in addition, again, apart from this, besides, moreover. - (= I'm comparing/contrasting): as compared to, equally, however, in reality. - (= I'm summarizing): all in all, and so on, essentially, in brief, in conclusion, in effect. Write: Mark the 'connecting ideas' (a-h) that are expressed in this text. A I am introducing a list; B I am making an addition; C I am pointing to a contrast; D I am stating an alternative; E I am summarizing; F I am making a second point; G I am making a comparison; H As stated by. According to (1…) a lot of people I know, there are few things more terrifying than having to speak in public. The only way to succeed is to follow strict rules. First of all, (2...) you should be well-prepared. Second, (3...) you should have a few jokes ready. As well as that, (4 …) you should have rehearsed your speech, preferably in front of a mirror. In comparison with (5...) being hit by a bus, public speaking isn't too bad, but it's bad enough. However, (6...) you can make things easier for yourself by being ready. Alternatively, (7...) you can do nothing and make a fool of yourself. To sum up, (8...) success depends entirely on you.
7.8C Inversion after 'negative adverbs', etc. [> LEG 7.59, App 19] 1 Some adverbs like never and little have a 'negative effect' and we sometimes refer to them as 'negative adverbs'. We can use them in the ordinary way [> 7.4]: I have never seen so much protest against a government. Michael little realizes how important this meeting is. 2 If we begin a sentence with a 'negative adverb' we must follow with the word order we use in a Yes/No question [> 13.1]. Beginning with a negative is very formal: Never have I seen so much protest against a government. Little does Michael realize how important this meeting is. 3 We use this kind of inversion, in formal style, after: - 'negative adverbs': e.g. hardly, hardly ever, never, rarely, seldom. - phrases with only e.g. only after, only then, only when (Only then did I learn...). - so + adjective: So difficult was this problem, Einstein couldn't solve it. Write: Rewrite these sentences so that they begin with the undelined words: 1 There has never been such a display of strength by the workers… Never has there been such a display of strength by the workers 2 I realized what had happened only later 3 You shouldn't sign the document on any account. On no account... 4 You shouldn't answer the door when I'm out in any circumstances. In no circumstances... 5 The papyrus [pə'pai(ə)rəs]; (pl- ri) папірус) was so old, we didn't dare to touch it.
7.8D Write: Put in the right verb form and these adverbs: according to, agreeably, however, in brief, moreover or ultimately. DON'T ASK FOR A ROOM WITH A VIEW! So high 1(be)... the price of land in Tokyo, that its land area probably costs as much as the whole of California. Never, in any place in the world, (there be)2... such a demand (for space!)3... a newspaper report, this lack of space has led to 'capsule hotels'. The rooms are just capsules, measuring 1 metre high, 76 cms wide and 2 metres deep.4... you will be 5... surprised to hear that they are equipped with phones, radio and TV. 6... they are less expensive than ordinary hotels.7... they provide you with all you need for a comfortable night's sleep, even if they don't give you an automatic wash and dry as well!8... some people would argue, a small hole in the wall is preferable to a big hole in your pocket! But don't ask for a room with a view!
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