Countable and uncountable nounsEducation in Northern Ireland differs slightly from systems used elsewhere in the United Kingdom. Unlike most areas of the United Kingdom, in the last year of Primary school, children can sit the eleven plus transfer test, and the results determine whether they attend grammar schools or secondary schools. This system is due to be changed in 2008 amidst some controversy.
Northern Ireland's state (controlled) schools are open to all children in Northern Ireland, although in practice are mainly attended by those from Protestant or non-religious backgrounds. There is a separate publicly funded school system provided for Roman Catholics, although Roman Catholics are free to attend state schools (and some non-Roman Catholics attend Roman Catholic schools). Integrated schools, which attempt to ensure a balance in enrolment between pupils of Protestant, Roman Catholic and other faiths (or none) are becoming increasingly popular, although Northern Ireland still has a primarily de facto religiously segregated education system. In the Primary School Sector, forty schools (8.9% of the total number) are Integrated Schools and thirty two (7.2% of the total number) are Gaelscoileanna. НОВОСИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ АГРАРНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
REVISE YOUR GRAMMAR
Методические указания по английскому языку
Новосибирск 2008
Кафедра иностранных языков ‘REVISE YOUR GRAMMAR’ Методические указания по английскому языку (2-ое издание, дополненное) / Новосиб. гос. аграр. ун – т; Сост: Е.Ю.Сементовская, Г.В. Титова, Н. В. Константинова. – Новосибирск, 2007. – с. 30. Рецензент: старший преподаватель Е.Ю. Плешивцева
Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов первого курса очного и заочного отделений НГАУ и рассчитаны на изучение в одном семестре. Цель данных указаний – помочь студентам понять и закрепить основные грамматические структуры английского языка. Методические указания состоят из 11 тематических разделов. Типичное содержание раздела: - простое и краткое объяснение грамматической структуры или изложение теоретического материала в виде таблиц - примеры из современного английского языка - устные и письменные упражнения, побуждающие к активному закреплению пройденного материала.
Утверждены и рекомендованы к изданию методической комиссией факультета государственного и муниципального управления (протокол № 1 от 24 марта 2005г).
Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет, 2008 UNIT 1 Plural of nouns (Множественное число имен существительных)
1. + s: book - book s, student - student s 2. - s, - sh, - ch, - x, - ss + es: bus - bus es, box - box es, church - church es, boss - boss es, bush - bush es 3. consonant + y, the y changes to -ies: party - part ies, country - countr ies vowel + y + s: boy - boy s,day - day s 4. vowel + o + s: radio - radio s, zoo - zoo s consonant + o + es: tomato - tomato es,potato - potato es But: piano - pianos, photo - photos, kilo - kilos 5. –f or –fe, the –f and –fe changes to –ves: loaf – loa ves,wife – wi ves But: roof –roofs, giraffe –giraffes, cliff - cliffs 6. Some are irregular: child - children person - people goose - geese woman - women man - men mouse - mice tooth - teeth sheep - sheep ox - oxen foot - feet deer - deer fish – fish 7. Remember these terms: crisis – crises analysis – analyses phenomenon – phenomena nucleus – nuclei criterion – criteria genus – genera species – species formula – formulas/formulae fungus – fungi/funguses stimulus – stimuli Exercise 1. Write the plural.
1. lemon _________ 7. glass___________ 13. crisis____________ 2. bus___________ 8. key____________ 14. phenomenon_______ 3. peach_________ 9. piano__________ 15. species___________ 4. cherry_________ 10. potato_________ 16. fungus___________ 5. roof___________ 11. ball___________ 17. criterion__________ 6. fox____________ 12. book__________ 18. genus____________ Exercise 2. Write the plural.
1. sheep_________________ 11. policeman_____________ 2. baby__________________ 12. raspberry______________ 3. child__________________ 13. sandwich______________ 4. green leaf ______________ 14. mouse_________________ 5. old lady________________ 15. photo_________________ 6. radio__________________ 16. cliff__________________ 7. ox____________________ 17. pen___________________ 8. tall woman_____________ 18. watch_________________ 9. knife__________________ 19. big foot_______________ 10. toy___________________ 20. nice book______________
UNIT 2 Countable and uncountable nouns (Исчисляемые и неисчисляемые имена существительные) a / an + singular c ountable noun: a dog, an egg some + uncountable noun: some meat some + plural countable noun: some book s a + consonant sound a hat a book a carrot a university an + vowel sound an umbrella an orange an apple Uncountable nouns are: Food: cheese, butter, meat, salt, bread, chocolate, honey, jam, spaghetti, yoghurt, etc. Liquids: coffee, tea, milk, wine, lemonade, petrol, oil, etc. Materials: gold, iron, silver, wood, paper, plastic, etc. Abstract nouns: beauty, love, happiness, freedom, help, justice, independence, knowledge, etc. Others: hair, money, news, snow, furniture, weather, advice, information, luggage, etc.
Exercise 1. Put ‘C’ for countable and ‘U’ for uncountable. 1 coffee__ 5 carrot__ 9 oil__ 13 fun__ 2 bag__ 6 beauty__ 10 jumper__ 14 book__ 3 furniture__ 7 money__ 11 friend__ 15 equipment__ 4 car__ 8 plate__ 12 advice__ 16 research__
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