Подберите соответствующую форму фразового глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. to break down переводится на русский как «сломаться», «перестать работать»,

2. to break up, регулярно употребляемый в разговорной речи фразовый глагол, обозначает «прекращать», «заканчивать», «расходиться», «распадаться».

3. to hang up переводится “повесить трубку”.

4. to calm down переводится на русский язык «успокаивать», «затихнуть».

5 to give up - все значения фразового глагола вращаются вокруг «сдаваться» и «бросать (делать что-либо)».

 

1. The police (calmed down, broke up) the fight.
2. The telephone system has (hung up, broken down).
3. Look, (give up, calm down)! We’ll find her.
4. Don’t (give up, break up) without even trying.
5. Don’t (break down, hang up), I haven’t finished talking to you!
6. The party (gave up, broke up) when the police arrived.
7. He (calmed down, broke down) and wept when he heard the news.
8. After I (hung up, broke up) I remembered what I’d wanted to say.
9. He took a few deep breaths (to calm down, to give up) himself.
10. I did want a holiday abroad, but we’ve had to (hang up, give up) the idea.

 

9. Работа в парах. Соотнесите английские идиомы в левой колонке с объяснениями, данными в правой колонке. Переведите их на русский язык. Составьте мини-диалоги, демонстрирующие значения этих идиоматических выражений в различных ситуациях общения. (Professor – Student. Boss – Employee, Mother – Daughter, Legal Adviser – Client).

 

 

1. You reap what you sow.	a. You created a big problem
2. Don’t beat about the bush.	b.I am miserable now but I know I will be happy
3. Never let your guard down.	c. I really need to get rid of my anger
4. A little bird told me.	d. You get what you deserve
5. You really opened a can of worms.	e. Always pay attention, don’t lose the focus
6. Steam when you heat water.	f. Stop wasting my time. You are trying to avoid answering my queries
7. That is not my cup of tea.	g. I don’t want to reveal the source of information
8. There is a light at the end of the tunnel.	h. It is not my style

 

10. Прочитайте текст еще раз и найдите в нем английские эквиваленты следующим русским словам: враждебный, намерение (умысел), привычка, обижать, метафора, терпеливый, знакомый человек, уважение. Найдите эти слова на буквенной карте и составьте с ними предложения. (Слова записаны только по горизонтали и вертикали, в прямом и обратном порядке).

 

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11. Работа в парах. Прочитайте текст и составьте вопросы. Один из студентов составляет общие и альтернативные вопросы, а другой – специальные и разделительные. Задайте вопросы друг другу и ответьте на них.

 

Promt: General questions (yes-no).

Special questions (Wh-).

Alternative questions (or).

Tag questions (__, is it?).

 

Culture is a group which shapes a person’s values and identity. Cultural conflicts arise because of the differences in values and norms of behavior of people from different cultures. A person acts according to the values and norms of his or her culture; another person holding a different worldview might interpret his or her behavior from the opposite standpoint. Situation creates misunderstanding and can lead to conflict.

The following case exemplifies how unintentionally one cultural group can hurt the feelings of the other. The city of Kenai, Alaska was planning a celebration of 200 years since the first Russian fur traders came to the region. A Native Indian tribe which lived in Alaska for a thousand years was offended by the implication that before the Russians came to the region there was no civilization there. As a result the celebration turned to a year-long event and Native Indian culture became its basis.

People can prevent cross-cultural conflicts by learning about cultures that they come in contact with.

 

Воспользуйтесь Интернет- ресурсами и продолжите список стереотипов и стереотипных качеств, которыми наделяют людей, принадлежащих к той или иной национальности. (Список стран может быть продолжен).

National Stereotypes

In heaven, the cops are British, the lovers are French, the food is Italian, the cars are German, and the whole thing is run by the Swiss.

In hell, the cops are German, the lovers are Swiss, the food is British, the cars are French,and the whole thing is run by the Italians.

— Traditional joke.

The happiest man on earth lives in a British house, gets an American salary, has a Chinese wife, and eats Japanese food.

The saddest man on earth lives in a Japanese house, gets a Chinese salary, has an American wife, and eats British food.

— Another traditional joke.

Britons - ceremoniously polite, address others using personal names, snobbish__________
____________________________________________________________________________

Americans - like to use slang words, forced smile, chewing gum, large cars _______________

___________________________________________________________________________

Germans - love details, observe time, highly organized_______________________________

Italians – noisy, gossipy neighbours, enjoy cooking _________________________________

Japanese –extremely polite, intelligent, and obedient but dislike foreigners ________________

Russians –love chess and ballet, open-hearted, hospitable, _____________________________

 

13. Обсуждение – «Круглый стол». (Round Table Discussion. The way members are seated in relation to each other significantly affects group interaction. Arrangements that bring people closer together and permit direct eye-contact among all members promote group interaction).

Topic: How can we overcome stereotypical and subjective characterizations of different nations?

Группа делится на делегации из нескольких стран, в каждой из которых один студент-специалист готовит презентацию и рассказывает о традициях, обычаях и этикете поведения в его стране. Остальные участники готовят вопросы к представителям других делегаций об их традициях и особенностях поведения в их странах и выдвигают свои предложения, как преодолеть стереотипы мышления. При выступлении воспользуйтесь предложенной ниже схемой и речевыми моделями.

 

Preparation is essential for an effective presentation. When giving a presentation, certain keywords are used to signpost the different stages. It's a good idea to memorize them and practise using them, so that they come to mind easily during a presentation.
►Starting the presentation	• Good morning/good afternoon ladies and gentlemen •The topic of my presentation today is... • What I'm going to talk about today is...
►Why you are giving this presentation	•The purpose of this presentation is... •This is important because... •My objective is to...
►Stating the main points	•The main points I will be talking about are firstly... secondly... next, finally... we're going to look at...
►Introducing the first point	• Let's start/begin with...
►Showing graphics, transparencies, slides etc.	•I'd like to illustrate this by showing you...
►Moving on to the next point	•Now let's move on to...
►Giving more details	•I'd liketo expand onthis aspect/problem/point •Let me elaborate on that •Would you like me to expand on/elaborate on that?
►Changing to a different topic	•I'd like to turn to something completely different
►Referring to something which is off the topic	•I'd like to digress here for a moment and just mention that...
►Referring back to an earlier point	•Let me go back to what I said earlier about...
►Summarizing or repeating the main points	•I'd like to recap the main points of my presentation - first I covered - then we talked about - finally we looked at •I'd now like to sum up the main points which were:
►Conclusion	•I'm going to conclude by... saying that/inviting you to/ quoting... • In conclusion, let me... leave you with this thought/invite you to
►Questions	• Finally, I'll be happy to answer your questions. •Now I'd like to invite any questions you may have. •Do you have any questions?

 

 

UNIT 4. NON-VERBAL BEHAVIOUR IN CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION

 

1. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What springs to mind when you hear the word ‘culture’?
2. Do you think different cultures have different emotions?
3. Are you good at reading people’s facial expressions?
4. Do you think people’s facial expressions are the same all over the world?
5. Are you good at hiding your true feelings?
6. Do you think it would be interesting to research facial expressions?
7. What do you think is the most expressive part of someone’s face?
8. Why do you think a particular culture would focus more on the eyes or mouth?