РИСУНКИ. 3.1: Doonesbury copyright 1992 G

3.1: Doonesbury copyright 1992 G. В. Trudeau. Reprinted with permission of Universal Press Syndicate. All rights reserved.

4.1: Adapted from J. R. Block and H. E. Yuker, Can You Believe Your Eyes (New York: Gardner, 1989), pp. 107 and 109, by permission of J. R. Block. 4.2: From Stanley Coren and Joel Miller, "Size Contrast as a Function of Figural Similarity, Perception and Psychophysics, vol. 16, pp. 355—357. Reprinted by permission of Psychonomic Society, Inc., and Prof. Coren.

6.1: From Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, "The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice", Science, vol. 211, p. 453ff. Copyright 1981 by AAAS. Used by permission of the AAAS and Prof. Tversky.

9.1, 9.2: From Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, "Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk", Econometrica, vol. 47, p. 263ff. Copyright © 1979. Used by permission of The Econometric Society.

12.1: From David Rosenhan and Samuel Messick, "Affect and Expectation", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 3. Copyright 1966 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission.

12.2: Adapted from E. Borgida and R. Nisbett, "The Differential Impact of Abstract vs. Concrete Information on Decisions", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, vol. 7. Copyright © 1977. Used by permission of V. H. Winston & Sons, Inc. 14.1: Associated Press. 15.1: Courtesy Smith-Corona.

16.1, 16.2: From Harold Kelley. "The Processes of Causal Attribution", American Psychologist, vol. 28. Copyright 1973 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission.

16.3: From Shelley Taylor and Susan Fiske, "Point of View and Perception of Causality", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 32. Copyright 1975 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission. 16.4: From Michael Storms, "Videotape and the Attribution Process", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 27. Copyright 1973 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission.

17.2: From B. Latane, K. Williams, and S. Harking, "Many Hands Made Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 37. Copyright 1979 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission.

17.3: From Harvey Hornstein, Elisha Fisch, and Michael Holmes, "Influence of a Model's Feelings about His Behavior and His Relevance as a Comparisin Other on Observers", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 10. Copyright 1968 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission. 18.1: Excerpt from Risk Taking: A Study in Cognition and Personality by Michael A.Wallach and Nathan Kogan, copyright © 1964 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., and renewed 1992 by Michael A.Wallach and Nathan Kogan, reprinted by permission of the publisher.

19.1: From S. Oskamp, "Overconfidence in Case Study Judgments", Journal of Consulting Psychology, vol. 29. Copyright 1965 by the American Psychological Association. Reprinted by permission.

19.3: From Decision Traps by J. Edward Russo and Paul J. Schoemaker. Copyright © 1989 by J. Edward Russo and Paul J. Schoemaker. Used by permission of Doubleday, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. Reprinted in the British Commonwealth, except Canada, by permission of Judy Piatkus (Publishers) Ltd. 19.4: Calvin and Hobbes copyright 1990 Watterson. Dist. by Universal Press Syndicate. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.

21.2: From Barry Staw, "Knee-deep in Big Muddy: A Study of Escalating Commitment to a ChOsen Course of Action", Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. Copyright © 1976 by Academic Press. Used by permission of publisher and author. A—2: Drawing by Jonik, 1981. The New Yorker Magazine, Inc.

ТАБЛИЦЫ

3.1, 3.2: From E. Loftus and J. Palmer, "Reconstruction of Automobile Destruction: An Example of the Interaction Between Language and Memory", Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, vol. 13. Copyright © 1974 by Academic Press. Used by permission of publisher and author.

5.1: From Lohn Hershey and Paul Schoemaker, "Risk Taking and Problem Context Expected Utility Analysis", Journal of Risk and Insurance, vol. 47. Copyright American Risk and Insurance Association. Used with permission. All rights reserved. 6.1: From Howard Schuman, "Problems in the Use of Survey Questions ro Measure Public Opinion", Science, vol. 235, p. 957ff. Copyright 1987 by the AAAS. Used by permission of AAAS and the author.

6.2: Top 2 pairs of questions from Elizabeth Loftus, "Leading Questions and the Eyewitness Report", Cognitive Psychology, vol. 7. Copyright © 1975 by Academic Press. Used by permission of the publisher and author.

11.1: Adapted from Eugene Borgida and Richard Nisbett, "The Differential Impact of Abstract vs. Concrete Information on Decisions", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, vol. 7. Copyright © 1977. Used by permission of V. H. Winston & Son, Inc. 12.1: Adapted from S. Selvin, "A Problem in Pribability", American Statistican, Feb. 1975. Copyright © 1975. Used by permission of American Statistical Association. 13.1: Adapted from Gregory Northcraft and Margaret Neale, "Experts, Amateurs, and Real Estate", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 39. Copyright © 1987 by Academic Press. Used by permission of the publisher and Prof. Northcraft.

ТЕКСТ

Pp. 69ff: From Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, "The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice", Science, vol. 211, p. 453ff. Copyright 1981 by AAAS.

Used by permission of the AAAS and Prof. Tversky.

P. 131: From Marilyn vos Savant, Ask Marilyn. Copyright © 1992 by Marilyn vos Savant. Reprinted with permission from St. Martin's Press, Inc., New York, NY.

Reprinted with permission from Parade, copyright © 1990.

Pp. 245—246: B. F. Skinner, Notebooks (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall), p. 150f.

Copyright © 1980. Used by permission of the B. F. Skinner Foundation.