MODALS (AUXILIARIES)

1 Read the sentences below with the modal verbs(auxiliaries). Mind that the following modals can, could, may, might, should, had better, must, will, would, need, shall are used without the particle to after them + Simple or Perfect form of the verb. Comment on their meanings.

1 People must have a clear idea of the working of markets.

2 Consumers can choose whatever they need among several products.

3 In a market economy prices should give information about both the costs of production and the wants of consumers.

4 Many firms could expand their divisions and hire consulting firms.

5 The commodity serving as money should be fairy durable, easily divisible and portable.

6 Your company had better hire more competent managers.

7 We might meet with our clients when I am in Paris.

8 – Shall I arrange your appointments?

– No, you need not do it.

9 You should have phoned yesterday to get an appointment with our manager for today.

10 He can’t have been the person who disclosed our production secrets because he is a very dependable specialist.

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2 Read the sentences below with the modal verbs(auxiliaries). Mind, the following auxiliaries have to, have got to, ought to, be to, be able to are used with the particle to after them +Simple or Perfect form of the verb. Comment on their meanings.

1Economists are able to work for the government and in the academic world.

2 Before money there was a trade when people had to exchange goods.

3 Male managers ought to start learning from their female counterparts.

4 In management one has to deal with a variety of work at the same time.

5 The opening of the conference is to be in 15 minutes.

6 Before the 1950s companies were not able to sell more products because they did not know what customers really wanted.

7 One ought to be creative advertising products to make them more attractive to the customers.

8 You ought to have revised the analytical materials a bit more to develop a better marketing strategy.

9 Bill ought to have been more confident during his job interview. The position is still vacant.

10 The meeting is to start two hours later. The secretary has got to call all the participants right now.