Английский язык для студентов строительных специальностей. UNIT 5.BUILDING MATERIALS | 95

UNIT 5. BUILDING MATERIALS | 95

 

5. last [leust] v — продолжаться, длиться
lasting — прочный, долговечный, длительный

The construction of the cottage lasted two years. Stone is the longest lasting building material.

6. dense adj — плотный, густой, непроницаемый
density ['denssti] — плотность, концентрация

The concrete, when finally placed, must be dense and must closely surround the reinforcement. A new internal wall surface is created using a very strong, very versatile, high density polyethylene.

7. mortar ['mo:t3] n — строительный раствор

The joints are filled with mortar made of cement and sand.

8. board [bo:d] n — доска, пиломатериал, панель, лист
plank [plasnk] n — планка, доска (толщиной 5-10 см)

For this board, special types of timbers are carefully chosen. While the steel frame is being erected, the wall planks are fixed.

9. bend n v — изгиб, колено; изгибать, гнуть
bending n — изгибание, сгибание

The wire bends easily. Wood can be flexible under loading, keeping strength while bending.

10. mould (mold) ['mauld] n — форма, пресс-форма, опа­лубка moulding (molding) n — формовка, прессование

A molten substance, such as metal, or a plastic substance is poured or forced into a mould and allowed to harden. The moulding of bricks and tiles is only a part of the manufacture of ceramic products.

11. clay brick — глиняный кирпич

cinder brick ['smdg] — шлаковый кирпич, зольный

кирпич

cinder block — блок из шлакобетона, шлакоблок

Clay bricks can be formed in a moulding. Compared with other wall materials, cinder bricks have excellent properties and a low price. Low-cost bricks include cinder block made mostly with concrete.

12. aggregate ['аздпдэг] «— заполнитель

The maximum size of the aggregate should not greater than one quarter of the minimum thickness of the finished concrete.

13. binder ['bainds] и — вяжущее, вяжущий материал
Concrete is a composite building material comprised of aggregate

and a binder (cement).

14. strength [strenO] n — прочность, сила

tensile strength ['tensail] — прочность на растяжение strengthen ['strenGn] v — укреплять, усиливать

Three basic factors in architecture — convenience, strength and beauty — are always present and interrelated in the best structures. The purpose of reinforcing is to provide a material with a high tensile strength. They strengthened the wall with metal supports.

15. reinforced concrete [,ri:mf3:st'k5ijkri:t] — железобетон
Reinforced concrete was used in these structural elements.

16. bar [ba:] n — арматурный пруток, арматурное железо
rebar [n'ba:] v — арматурный стержень

This type of concrete is strengthened by bars of steel. After the formwork has been installed, a grid of three rebars is tied to the outside of the formwork.