SUBTERRANEAN HEAT SERVES MAN

Coal, oil and gas have been man’s main sources of heat from the ancient times. At the same time the earth contains inside it a practically inexhaustible supply of thermal energy, which without doubt can be used with great profit for economic needs.

Long, long ago magma, surrounding the core of our planet, rose to the surface but could not burst through the crust and started cooking down gradually. This cooling process has been going on for hundreds of thousands or millions of years. By transferring heat to the rock around it, the magma heats the water in artesian basins and this is how subterranean deposits of hot water originated.

Such water can be found in the subtropical areas and in the Arctic. In one year the thermal springs bring to the surface of the earth an amount of heat equivalent to that which could be obtained from the combustion of 100-150 million tons of fuels.

The hot subterranean water is being used for heating blocks of flats and for medical purposes. In some places this hot water goes to the top of the house without pumping.

The geological and geographical conditions for the presence of thermal water are different. But everywhere it is found that the economic effects of using it are quite great.

A lot of plans are made for building power stations powered by hot subterranean water. The temperature of the water reaches 170 ° at the depth of up to 3 kilometers.

The time is not far off when this cheap thermal energy will be widely used in the economy, making it possible to employ such valuable raw materials as coal, oil and gas, mainly in the chemical industry.

 

Соотнесите русские и английские словосочетания.

1. subterranean heat	a) многоквартирный жилой дом
2. inexhaustible supply	b) сырье
3. combustion of fuel	c) неисчерпаемый запас
4. block of flats	d) сжигание топлива
5. raw material	e) подземное тепло

Найдите в каждом ряду слово, противоположное по значению первому слову ряда.

1. rise	a) lower	b) lift	c) go up	d) jump
2. go on	a) last	b) get on	c) continue	d) stop
3. heat	a) warm	b) cool	c) burn	d) hot
4. top	a) head	b) cap	c) bottom	d) tip
5. different	a) various	b) same	c) unlike	d) diverse

Вставьте пропущенное слово согласно информации, данной в тексте.

1. Thermal energy can give great _______ for the economy.

2. The ________ process continues for a long time.

3. The magma ________ the water in artesian basins.

4. The hot subterranean water is used for heating _______of flats.

5. Coal, oil and gas are ______ materials.

 

Напишите, соответствуют ли предложения содержанию текста. Отметьте данное утверждение как T (True), если предложение верно передает содержание текста, и как F (False), если оно не соответствует его содержанию.

	Statement	True	False
1.	The thermal energy is the man’s main source of heat from the ancient times.
2.	There is hot subterranean water in the Arctic.
3.	Magma originated subterranean deposits.
4.	The hot subterranean water can have great pressure
5.	The thermal energy is expensive.

Найдите в тексте необходимую информацию и дайте ответы на следующие вопросы.

1. What are the main sources of heat nowadays?

2. How did subterranean deposits of hot water originated?

3. How much heat do thermal springs give in a year?

4. Where is hot subterranean water used?

5. What is the temperature of hot water?