ПРАКТИКУМ

Навчальний посібник

 

 

Укладачі: Олена Степанівна Безлюбченко,

Сергій Миколайович Гордієнко,

Олександр В’ячеславович Завальний

 

Редактор М.З. Аляб'єв

 

 

План 2006, поз.109.

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Підп. до друку 26.06.2006 Формат 60х84 1/16 Папір офісний.

Друк на ризографі. Обл.-вид. арк. 7,0 Тираж 100 прим.

Зам. №

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Сектор оперативної поліграфії ІОЦ ХНАМГ.

61002, м. Харків, ХНАМГ вул. Революції, 12

 

Господарсько-правовий факультет,

Курс, 6 група

ШЛЯХИ ПОДОЛАННЯ ТІНЬОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ

Проблема тіньової економіки актуальна в усьому світі. Науковці і громадськість досліджують її шкоду, звертаючи особливу увагу на корупцію.………….

Науковий керівник: Шевченко Л.С., д.е.н., професор, зав. кафедри економічної теорії НЮУ імені Ярослава Мудрого

Ex. 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form:

1. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during to months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.

2. I didn’t want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).

3. I didn’t notice that my watch (to stop) and when I (to arrive) at the station, my tram (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next tram (to come).

4. He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform.

5. By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages.

6. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold.

7. Where you (to put) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere.

8. I (not yet to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring).

9. You always (to spend) summer at the seaside? — Yes, as a rule. Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.

10. When they returned, they (to tell) us many interesting things which they (to see) during their journey.

11. When I (to leave) home, it (to rain).

12. Our train starts late in the evening, so if you (to come) at seven o'clock, we still (to pack) our lug­gage.

13. When you (to see) him last?

14. You ever (to act) on the stage? — Why, yes, that's what I (to do) for the last six years.

15. Where is your luggage? — I (to leave) it at the station. I (to take) it tomorrow when Nick (to come) to help me.

16. I (to read) about an hour when he (to come).

17. The play (not yet to begin) and the people (to talk) in the hall.

18. One night a little swallow (to fly) over the city. His friends (to fly) away to Egypt six weeks before, but he (to stay) behind.

19. What you (to do) these three months?

20. We (to walk) in silence. He already (to tell) me all that (to be) interesting about himself, and I (to have) noth­ing to tell him.

21. The moon (not to rise) yet, and only two stars, like two distant lighthouses, (to shine) in the dark blue sky.

22. What you (to read)? — I (to read) a magazine. — How long you (to read) it? — I (to read) it for half an hour.

23. She (to live) in Moscow for ten years when her sister (to come) to live with her.

24. He (to teach) at school for five years when the war (to break) out.

25. You ever (to be) to London? - Yes, I (to be) there in summer.

26. I (to buy) a new dress. I (to show) it to you tomorrow when you (to come) to my place.

27. I (to walk) about an hour when I (to see) a little house not far from the river.

28. When he (to read) the newspaper, he (to give) it to his brother.

29. He (to leave) for Rostov in 1990 and since then he (to live) there.

30. At this time tomorrow we (to discuss) your report.

31. When the train (to stop), I (to look) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there I (to send) them a telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me.

32. We were greatly surprised not to find Ann at home. It turned out that her sister (to for­get) to give her our message, and Ann (to leave) the house fifteen minutes before we (to come).

33. I de­cided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) rain­ing already and the sun (to shine) brightly.

34. The young people entered the theatre. The performance already (to begin), and they (to have) to wait till the first act (to be) over. Nina never (to be) here before and she (to like) the theatre very much.

35. I did not recognize Helen as I (not to see) her for a very long time and she greatly (to change).

36. When the teacher told the boy to recite the poem, the boy (to burst) into tears: he (not to remember) anything, though he (to try) to learn his lesson so hard.

37. When we (to come) to the station, our train already (to leave), and we (to have) to wait for two hours before another one (to come).

38. I was anxious to see the place where I (to spend) my childhood.

39. John Gray (to visit) Russia in 1989 and (not to be) here since that time.

40. The sight of the school building brought back the old days to us. Here we (to spend) many years together. We (to learn) to read and write; here we (to experience) our first joys and sorrows. We recollected our first day at school, how we (to come) to our first lesson looking alarmed and excited.

Ex. 2

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form:

Ann: Hello, Kate. I am so glad you (to come) at last. Where you (to spend) the morning?

Kate: I (to be) in the bookstore choosing new books in English.

Ann: It (to rain) still? It (to be) rather dark in the room.

Kate: No, the rain (to stop), but the wind (to blow). On my way to your place I (to meet) Mary. You (to know) her?

Ann: Of course I.... I (to know) her since child­hood. When we (to be) children, we often (to play) together. Where you (to meet) her? I (not to see) her for a long time. What she (to look) like?

Kate: She (not to change) a bit. She (to go) to the library when I (to meet) her.

Ann: What she (to tell) you?

Kate: She (to tell) me she recently (to return) from

a very interesting trip and that she (to travel)

a lot and (to see) many interesting things. She

(to want) to see all her friends soon.

Ann: Oh, then she (to come) to see me, too, I (to

think).

Kate: Yes, that (to be) a pleasant meeting, I (to be) sure. But what (to be) the time? My watch (to stop) and I (not to know) the exact time, i Ann: It (to be) ten minutes to three.

Kate: Oh, then let's begin working at once. At four o'clock I must go. My mother (to wait) for me at the metro station at a quarter past four.

Ex. 3

Use the required tense form in the following texts:

I. It (be) Saturday evening after supper. The big brightly lit kitchen (be) silent, except for the click of dominoes. The shutters (be) closed and barred. The long rows of blue dishes on the dresser (gleam) like sea water. At the long table the boys (play) dominoes. Miranda (go) to bed.

Ann (sew). Hugh (smoke) his pipe and (watch) the others. Every now and then Ann (look) up and (smile) at him. She certainly (be) bravely cheerful in a way that (compel) everybody's admiration. By a kind of inertia things slowly (come) back to normal. The danger point (pass) by now. Hugh (think) that tomorrow he (can) decently tell the family that he (leave) on Tuesday.

II. When Tom (wake), the farmhouse (burn), it (start) burning when the shell (hit). None of the other soldiers who (be) in the farmhouse (be) to be seen. They (be) lucky to escape. In the confusion they (miss) Tom who (sleep) on the kitchen floor. As his leg (be) broken, it (take) him hours to crawl across the room to the window. He (pass) out again and again. But he (be) sure he (not / want) to die and finally he (get) to the window and (pull) himself up so that he (can) look over the sill. Somebody (see) his head above the window and (get) him. Tom (not / remember) any of that. He never (find) out who (save) him.

III. She (be) in the lobby when he (come) out of the elevator. She (talk) to another woman and she (not/see) him for a moment and he (have) an opportunity to study her and observe what the years (do) to her. She (put) on the weight and the old sharpness of her face (be) gone. Her beauty (diminish), and she (be) transformed into a robust matron.

IV. Andy Warhol (lie) on his bed reading the newspaper when the telephone (ring).

It (be) only 2 o'clock in the afternoon, but it (rain) hard and he (have) no place to go anyway. He (read) about the relative standing of the football teams. He (have) no interest in them but he (finish) everything else in the paper.

He (pick) up the phone, and the man at the desk downstairs (say): "There is a lady waiting for you here, Mr. Warhol."

"She (give) her name?" he asked.

"No. Shall I ask it?"

"Never mind," Warhol said. "I'll be right down."

He (hang) up the phone, (put) on his shoes, (button) his collar and (pull) his tie into place.. Then he (get) into his jacket and (pat) his pockets to see if he (have) cigarettes. He (have) no cigarettes. He (shrug) and (go) downstairs.

Maureen (sit) in the lobby. She (be) a pretty girl with bright credulous eyes when Warhol first (meet) her. But she (have) two children since then, and now she (wear) a worn coat, and her complexion (go) and her eyes (be) pale.

V. He (be) too tired to sleep. He (lie) on his back. It (seem) that all the strength (go) out of his limbs, and presently I (see) that he (fall) asleep. It (be) the first natural sleep he (have) for a week. I (cover) him and (turn) down the light. In the morning when I (awake) he (be) still asleep. He (not/move). His gold-rimmed spectacles (be) still on his nose.

VI. When the train (get) in, half an hour late, it (be) nearly midnight. All the way up the valley the engine (battle) against a high wind. The station (be) deserted. Andrew (start) along Station Road. Full of his success he (want) to reach his wife fast enough to tell her joyously everything that (take) place.

As he (turn) into the main street he (see) a man running. It (be) David Lynch. He said:

“I (come) for you, Doctor. The wind (knock) the wires all to smash.”

“What (be) wrong?"

“There (be) a fall-down at Number Three, a lad (get) buried there, almost.”

“I've got to have my bag," Andrew said to Lynch. "You go Lip to my house and fetch it for me. Tell my wife where I (go)."

Andrew (be) at Number Three in four minutes. There he (find) three men waiting for him. They (go) to the shaft. As they (enter) the cage another figure (come) across the yard. It (be) Lynch with the bag.

“You (be) quick,” Andrew said, as Lynch (enter) the cage.

There (be) a clang and the cage (drop) to the bottom.

Ex. 4

Use the required tense forms in the following sentences:

1. As he (to think) for months about leaving his wife and (not to do) it because it (to be) too cruel.

2. When she nearly (to reach) the end of the curve she (to see) a figure ahead of her.

3. Mary (to return) to the room. Al (to sit) down beside the gas fire and (to take off) his shoes.

4. Her eyes (to be) puffed, and she obviously (to cry) that afternoon.

5. I (to get) back as soon as I (to get) through with my business.

6. His cheek (to be) cut. When she (to see) it she (to say): "Oh, you (to fight) again".

7. He (to have) a son of twenty-seven. He (to farm) in New Zealand.

8. She (to make) me promise to say nothing about it till she (to have) a chance of breaking the news to her father gradually.

9. "How's the baby?" "Frightfully well, thank you, aunt Ann. He (to walk)". 10. As we (to drive), her eyes (to stare) rigidly out of the car window.

11. She (to become) aware that Tony (to come) back and considerately (to say) nothing.

12. Delany (to sit) up in bed and (to eat) his dinner when Jack (to come) into the room. His complexion (to be) ruddy. Obviously he (to be) shaved. He (to have) a glass of red wine with his meal. He (to wave) his fork as he (to see) Jack.

13. He (to remain) in his seat, as though studying his programme, till the three (to pass) out into the foyer.

14. Darkness (to fall) when he finally (to return) to the hotel. He (to say) nothing to Pat except that he (to turn) down the job. He (cannot) give her any explanation until he completely (to understand) the meaning of what (to happen).

15. A little break like this (to be) what she (to need) all these years.

16. She (to look) up at him from where she (to sit). Her make up things (to lie) in front of her. She (to do) her face.

17. While his wife (to read) the letter, he (to cross) to the window.

18. As Hugh and I (to come) down the steps we nearly (to run) into my father.

19. I don't know what's the matter with him. He (to act) funny since you (to be) away.

20. I (to sit) there for about ten minutes, pretending to read, when someone (to sit) down at my table.

21. The actress (to stop) in front of their table, smiling widely. He (to stand) up and (to take) her hand "Hello" he said, "We (to see) your show tonight. We (to think) you (to be) very good indeed"

22. "I (to take) you out every day", she promised.

Ex. 5

Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Мы надеялись, что вы умеете плавать. 2. Мне было жаль, что я не могу встретиться с ней после занятий. 3. Том спросил, сколько раз в неделю мы занимаемся английским. 4. Мне было жаль, что ему пришлось остаться дома. 5. Разве вы не знали, что это очень важная беседа. 6. Я не знал, что он живет на окраине. 7. Ты знал, что он уехал за город? 8. Мы слышали, что этот студент хорошо сдал экзамены. 9. Мама сказала, что они уже пообедали. 10. Генри спросил меня, где я достал эту книгу. 11. Он позвонил на вокзал и узнал, что поезд уже ушел. 12. Джон сказал сегодня утром, что их учитель заболел. 13. Анна решила, что будет звонить туда завтра. 14. Мать надеялась, что сын вернется через неделю. 15. Родители думали, что врач осмотрит ребенка немедленно. 16. Отец сказал нам, что мы будем делать в субботу. 17. Мы планировали и надеялись, что поедем в отпуск в конце недели. 18. Я думал, что у каждого из нас будет месяц отпуска летом. 19. Он сказал, что пошлет телеграмму, если не получит известий от брата. 20. Роберт сказал, что его жена все еще в больнице, и он собирается навестить ее вечером. 21. Наш гид сказал, что автобус только что пришел и отправится в Глазго через час. 22. Ваш товарищ сказал мне, в чем дело, и я думаю, что смогу помочь вам. 23. Мы много занимались и надеялись, что весной хорошо сдадим экзамены. 24. Почему вы не сказали, что нам нужно переводить эту статью? 25. Она сказала, что они обычно встают в 8 часов. 26. Учительница сказала, что мы должны повторить все правила, если хотим сдать экзамены хорошо. 27. Она сказала, что этот студент делает сообщение в третьем зале. 28. Мой друг обещал достать несколько книг по этому вопросу, как только я начну работать над статьей. 29. Мы решили, что вы свободны и сможете помочь нам. 30. Он спросил меня, что я буду делать вечером. Я ответил, что не знаю, буду ли я свободен вечером, но сказал, что если буду свободен, то позвоню ему часов в восемь.

Ex. 6

Render the following commands and requests into indirect speech:

1. “Don’t forget to clean your teeth”, said granny to Helen.

2. “Don’t sit up late”, said doctor to Mary.

3. The doctor said to Pete, "Don’t go for a walk today".

4. “Don’t eat too much ice-cream”, said Nick’s mother to him.

5. “Explain to me how to solve this problem”, said my friend to me.

6. “Don’t be afraid of my dog”, said the man to Kate.

7. “Take this book and read it”, said the librarian to the boy.

8. I said to Mike, "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive".

9. Mike said to Jane, "Will you come to the railway station to see me off?"

10. I said to her, “Can you give me their address”?

11. She said to the young man, “Can you call a taxi for me?”

12. Mary said to Peter, “Will you come here tomorrow”?

13. The teacher said to me, "Hand this note to your Parents, please."

14. Oleg said to his sister, “Put the letter into an envelope and give it to Kate.”

15. "Please help me with this work Henry”, said Robert.

16. “Don't worry over such a small thing Jane”, said Peter.

17. I said to Mike, "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive."

18. Peter said to them, "Don't leave the room until I come back."

19. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter.

20. Jane said to us, "Please tell me all you know about it."

21. She said to Nick, "Please don't say anything about it to your sister."

22. "Lock the door when you leave the house," my elder sister said to me.

23. “Please don't smoke in the room,” said the old woman to her nephew.

24. “Don't run to the door when you hear the bell," said the woman to her little daughter.

25. Kate said to her grandmother, "Help me cook the soup, please."

Ex. 7

Render the following sentences in reported speech:

1. Tom said to his sister, “I saw your friend at the library yesterday”

2. “Why don't you drink your tea?” my mother said to me.

3. “When did you receive this letter?” my friend said to me.

4. “Will youbring your sister to the party with you, Boris?” asked Margaret.

5. “Please don't touch me," he said to me.

6. “Are you fond of going to the theatre?” asked my friend. “Have you seen any plays by Shakespeare?”

7. “Why are you shouting, man?” said Prince John to Locksley. “What is your name?”

8. “Is the river Volga in Russia?’" asked the French­man.

9. “Are you playing volleyball, girls?” said Ann. “I did not know that you liked it.”

10. “Don't touch these photographs,” said Peter to us. “They are still wet, and you may spoil them.”

11. “Does your friend often come here, boys?” said Fred. “I want to speak to him.”

12. “I saw a new film yester­day,” said Kate to Nick. “Did you like it?” asked Nick.

13. “My nephew is a very capable young man,” said the woman. “He has just graduated from college, but he is already a very skil­ful specialist.”

14. “I want to know how your cousin likes working at this hospital,” said Vera to Helen.

15. “Don't forget to bring your workbooks tomorrow,” the teacher said to us. “You are going to write a very important paper.”

16. “How can I get to the circus?” asked the girl. “Take tram number five,” said the man.

17. “I am very sorry, Kate,” said Mike, “I have forgotten to bring your dictionary.”

18. My sister said, “I shall be neither hungry nor thirsty if I have a cup of tea with a sandwich.”

19. “I shall gladly go to the cinema with you because I haven't seen this film and I want to see it very much,” said my aunt.

20. “Which of you can answer my question?” the teacher asked the pupils.

21. Не said to me, “Come at nine o'clock, I shall be free at that time and we shall have a nice cup of coffee.”

22. Nina asked her friend, “What did the professor speak about in his lecture?”

23. He said, “I haven't yet seen the film you are talking about.”

24. He said, “I am proud of my brother who took the first prize at the competition.”

25. She said to me, “Were you present at the meeting yesterday?”

Ex. 8

Render the following sentences in reported speech:

1. "Let's play badminton," said Nina. "All right," said Mike. "I like to play badminton very much."

2. "Let's run a race," said Bill. "No," said Jack. "I hurt my foot three days ago and now I cannot run."

3. "Will you show me your new flat?" said Tom. "Of course," said Becky. "Come to our place tomorrow."

4. "I shall go to see my friend tomor­row," said Kate. "Will you come with me?" "Yes, I shall," said Pete. "I want to see your friend."

5. "Does your friend always come to school so early?" said Victor. "No," said Mary. "She came so early this morning because she is on duty today.”

6. "There is a new film on at the cinema today,” said Lena. “Let’s go and see it.” “ no, I can’t,” said Mike. “I shall be busy.”

7. “What shall we do with Nick?” said Ann. “He’s got a bad mark again.” “Let's help him with his Russian,” said Pete. “I am sure we can do it.”

8. "Let's go to the Philharmonic. There is a good con­cert there tonight," said Walter. "Oh, very good,” said Robert. "I haven't been to the Philharmonic for along time."

9. Alec asked me, "Have you ever been to the National Gallery?" "Yes, I have,” I said. "I visited it last year when we were staying in London."

10. My brother said, "In two hours I shall have finished my work and then I shall go to the cinema.” Then he said to me, "Let’s go together.” "All right," I said.

11. “Please, help me with this problem, I cannot solve it,” I said to my father. "All right," said my father, “let’s try to solve it together."

12. "Let's go to Finland for the winter holidays," said Kate. "No,” said Andrew, "we have already been to Finland. Let’s go to Greece. It will be very interesting to see the country we have read about so much." "All right," said Kate, “let’s go.”

13. Nellie said, "Yesterday I went to see Paul, but he was not at home." "Let s go to see him to­day," said Nick. "I think he will be at home.” “No,” said Nellie, "I can't go today, I am very busy.”

14. "That's enough," said Tom's mother, "he will never go there again. I shall see to it."

15. "Who will read the next story?" asked grandmother. "It is very interesting, and I am sure you all will like it."

16. "Will you come and see me on Friday?" Lena asked her friend. "All right," said her friend, "I think I shall be free on Friday."

17. "Will you be able to find their house without me?" said John to me. "You have never been to those parts."

18. "Please, please don't ask me any more questions," she said to me, "I am very tired. I shall answer all your questions tomorrow."

19. "I haven't seen him since last year," said Lena, "and I think he has grown. Let's go and see him tomorrow." "All right," I said. "It will be interesting to see him and talk to him."

20. "Do you think it is really correct?" I asked my friend. "I am afraid you have made a mis­take in one or two words."

21. "Have you got a Russian-English dictionary?" he asked me. "Can you let me have it for this evening? I must do some very difficult translation.” “All right,” I said. "I won't need it tonight.”

22. "I am fond of Dickens," said Jack "I have been reading 'The Old Curiosity Shop' the whole week. I like the novel very much. I am read­ing it for the second time."

Ex. 9

Render the following dialogues in reported speech:

Jane: May I come in?

Kate: Is that you, Jane? Come in! It is very good of you to come and see me.

Jane: I came before, but you were too ill to see anybody. Did you get the flowers?

Kate: Surely, I did. It was very nice of you to send them to me.

Jane: How are you now?

Kate: Oh, I am much better, thank you. The doc­tor says that I shall be allowed to go out in a few days.

Jane: Do you miss school?

Kate: Very much. I am afraid I'll be lagging be­hind the group in my lessons now.

Jane: Don't think about it. We shall help you.

Kate: Thank you very much.

 

Peter: Are you coming my way?

John: Yes, I am. How are you getting along?

Peter: Jolly well. How did you find the last test in geometry?

John: Rather difficult. I am not very good at solv­ing problems.

Peter: Why don't you ask me to help you? I'll gladly do it.

John: Oh, thanks a lot. I shall. Have you got a lot of homework for tomorrow?

Peter: Yes. You know the timetable, Friday is always a bad day. We have six lessons tomorrow and all the subjects are difficult. Besides, there will be questions from my little sister. She is not very good at sums.

John: All right, then. I'll come to your place to­morrow evening, if you don't mind.

Peter: Let's make it tomorrow. I'll be waiting for you.

 

Susan: Good morning, doctor.

Doctor: Good morning, Susan. What's the matter with you? Susan: I feel bad. I have a headache, and I am afraid I am running a temperature. Doctor: Open your mouth and show me your throat. You have a bad cold, Susan. You must stay in bed for two days until your temperature

is normal and you stop coughing.

Susan: How I hate being ill and staying in bed! Doctor: But if you are not careful, you may fall ill with the flu or pneumonia. I'll prescribe some medicine.

Susan: Thank you, doctor. Goodbye.

Michael: I say, Bill, can you show me around a bit? I only came here two days ago and I haven been anywhere as yet.,,

Bill: Of course, I shall do it with pleasure. Let’s go at once and let’s invite Alice come with us. She knows a lot about the p of interest here.

Michael: That's a good idea.

Bill: Alice, can you come with us? We are going for a walk, and I want to show Michael some places of interest.

Alice: No, I can't go with you, boys. I am sorry. Mother told me to buy some bread, and I forgot about it. I shall have to do it now. Go without me. I shall go with you some other time.

Bill: It's a pity. All right, Michael, let s go.

 

 

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