Изменения местоимений и наречий времени в косвенной речи

now here this/these today tonight tomorrow yesterday next week last week last year ago

then there that/those that day that night (the) next day / the following day the day before / the previous day the next week / the following week the previous week the year before before

Повествовательные предложения вводятся в косвенную речь глаголами, выбор которых зависит от содержания высказывания и ситуации общения: to say, to tell, to add, to notice, to remark, to inform, to explain, to point out, to reply, to answer и т. д.

Повествовательное предложение вводится союзом that, который, однако, часто опускается; личные и притяжательные местоимения заменяются по смыслу, например: He said, " I ’ll finish my work very soon." He said, (that) he would finish his work very soon.

Наиболее частотными глаголами, вводящими косвенные вопросы, являются: to ask, to want, to know, to be interested, to wonder. Общие вопросы вводятся союзом if или whether (частица "ли";), например: He asked me, "Do you live in Orel?" – He asked me if I lived in Orel.

Специальные вопросы в косвенной речи вводятся соответствующими вопросительными словами, например: He asked us, " Where do you live?" – He asked us where we lived.

Для выражения просьбы, команды или приказа употребляются глаголы to ask, to tell, to order, to command, to beg и др. Глагол в повелительном наклонении заменяется инфинитивом или отрицанием с инфинитивом для отрицательной формы, например: She said, " Help me, please". – She asked me to help her.

 

"They live in Novgorod". "They are working now". "They livedin Lipetsk two years ago". "They have done it". "They will come soon".	He said (that)	they lived in Novgorod. they were working then. they had lived in Lipetsk two years before. they had done it. they would come soon.
"Ishe a cadet?" "Does he live here?" "Didyou go there?" "Will she come tomorrow?" "Have you seen the film?"	He asked if	he wasa cadet. he lived there. I had gone there. she would come the next day. I had seen the film.
"Where doyou live?" "When did he come?" "What areyou doing?" "How have you done it".	He asked	where I lived. when I had come. what I was doing. how I had done it.
"Wake up!" "Don’t be late!"		The mother told the son to wake up. The commander ordered the cadets not to be late.

 

Ex. 15. Use indirect speech.

A.

1. She said, "I can’t give you a definite answer now".

2. I said to him, "Wait for me outside!"

3. My friend said to me, "I know that you are going to take part in our scientific conference".

4. The students said, "We have passed our exam in History".

5. Peter told me, "I attended Professor Nelson’s lecture yesterday".

6. My mother said to me, "Come back in an hour!"

7. The passenger said, "I am leaving for Great Britain on Monday".

8. She said, "Bring this library book back next week!"

9. The officer said, "Your passport and visa are not in order".

10. Jane said to them, "I will certainly come in time".

B.

1. The detective inquired, "Does Mr Smith say anything else?"

2. Foreign traveller asked, "Where can I see a representative of the Russian consulate?"

3. The policeman asked, "Have you ever seen this woman?"

4. The teacher asked, "Do you like to study at the Law Institute?"

5. A parliament member asked, "Will the names of the candidates be announced beforehand?"

6. She said to the policeman, "Where can I park my car?"

7. The judge asked him, "What will you do then?"

Ex. 16. Transform the dialogue into indirect speech.

 

A.

Inspector:	What’s the matter? No parking here.
Driver:	And where shall I park my car?
Inspector:	Drive round the corner, please.

 

B.

Inspector:	Good morning. Inspector Petrov. What’s the matter?
Driver:	Something’s wrong with my car, Inspector.
Inspector:	Your driver’s license, please.
Driver:	Here you are.
Inspector:	Wait a little, I will call up the service station.
Driver:	Thank you very much, Inspector.