Planes, arranged, height, dictum, revolt, analytical, inspiration, passing, lifelike, solids, emphasis

Cubism, a movement in modern art, especially painting, that was primarily concerned with abstract forms rather than __________ representation. It began in Paris about 1908, reached its __________ by 1914, and developed further in the 1920s. Cubism was a __________ against the sentimental and realistic traditional painting of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and against the __________ on light and colour effects and the lack of form characteristic of impressionism. It drew __________ from tribal art, especially that of Africa and Oceania.

The doctrines of the cubist school follow the __________ of the French postimpressionist Paul Cezanne, “Everything in nature takes its form from the sphere, the cone, and the cylinder.” The most common type of cubism is an abstract and __________ approach to a subject, in which the artist determines and paints the basic geometric __________ of which the subject is composed, in particular the cube or cone, or the basic __________ that reveal the underlying geometric forms.

In another type of cubist painting (synthetic cubism), views of an object from different angles, not simultaneously visible in life, are __________ into a unified composition. In neither type of cubism is there any attempt to reproduce in detail the appearance of natural objects. Cubism is important in the history of Western art as a revolutionary, __________ style that marked the beginning of abstract and nonobjective art.

II