WORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS. система правления, государство, власти
правительство система правления, государство, власти происходить от, вытекать из по существу заниматься ч-л, участвовать в ч-л (о run the country управлять страной и immunity groups общины ttiiliin a framework of sth в рамках ч-л phenomenon (phenomena) явление (явления) conflict resolution разрешение конфликта checks and balances (constraints) система сдержек и противове the like тому подобное In that = in the sense that в том (смысле), что ♦ Work in pairs. Do you think the following statements are To study politics is in essence to study government, or more broadly, the exercise of authority. Businesses, schools, community groups, families and so on are 'non-political' because they are not engaged in 'running the country'. Politicians are often seen as power-seeking hypocrites who conceal personal ambitions behind the rhetoric of public service and ideological conviction. The task is to abolish politicians and to bring politics to an end and to ensure that government power is not abused. The heart of politics is a process of conflict resolving. • Discuss/check your considerations with the rest of the SCAN reading (looking for specific information): look ill rough the text to find the answers to the true/false statements. TEXT 1: DEFINING POLITICS The word 'politics' is derived from polis (Greek), literally meaning i uv-state. (Ancient Greek society was divided into a collection of independent city-states, each of which possessed its own system of government). The modern form of this definition is therefore 'what concerns the state'. To study politics is in essence to study government, or more broadly, the exercise of authority. Politics is what takes place within a polity, a system of social mganizations centered upon the machinery of government. Politics is therefore practiced in cabinet rooms, legislative
chambers, government departments and the like and it is engaged in by a limited and specific group of people. Businesses, schools and other educational institutions, community groups, families and so cm are in this sense 'nonpolitical' because they are not engaged in 'running the country'. The definition can be narrowed still further. This is evident in the tendency to treat politics as equivalent of party politics. In other words, the realm of 'the political' is restricted to those state actors who are consciously motivated by organizations such as a political party. The link between politics and the affairs of the state also helps to explain why negative images have so often been attached to politics. This is because in the popular mind, politics is closely associated with the activities of politicians. But brutally, the politicians are often seen as power-seeking hypocrites who conceal personal ambitions behind the rhetoric of public service and ideological conviction. This rejection of the personnel and machinery of conventional political life is clearly evident in the use of derogatory phrases such as 'office politics' and 'politicking'. But without some kind of mechanism for allocating authoritative values, society would simply disintegrate into a civil war of each against all. The task is therefore not to abolish politicians and to bring politics to an end, but rather to ensure that politics is conducted within a framework of checks and constraints that ensure that government power is not abused. Thus, politics is the activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live. Politics is also an academic subject, it is clearly concerned with the study of this activity. Politics is also linked to the phenomena of conflict and cooperation (the existence of rival opinions, different wants, competing needs and opposing interests guarantees disagreement about the rules under which people live). This is why the heart of politics is often portrayed as a process of conflict resolution, in which rival views or competing interests are reconciled with one another.
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