1. The man had a newspaper open in front of him which____________
2. The detective showed the owner of the restaurant____________
3. The narrator thought he was lucky to come to a restaurant where
| Accepting/ offering/ declining invitations
| Imperatives
Would you like to...?
How would you like to...?
May I have the pleasure of...?
May I invite you to...?
Thank you very much. This is kind of you.
Thank you very much. I'd love to.
That's very kind of you - but I'm afraid I have
already arranged/promised to... What a pity. I would have loved to come.
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| Admiring
| What a... How...
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| Agreeing
| Yes, of course. That's fine by me. OK.
I'd love to. I'd prefer...
That would be very nice. Of course. That's no problem. I agree entirely. Right.
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| Apologising
| I'm sorry to keep you waiting. I'm terribly/awfully sorry, but... Sorry for... Sorry about that.
I didn't realise.../It was an accident, etc. I'm really sorry about that. I really am very sorry. I do apologise.
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| Approving
| Fantastic! Good idea. Great!
That's a good idea. That's a relief! That's all right, then. That sounds like a good idea. That would be fine.
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| Asking for and giving directions
| Could you tell me the way to...?
Can you tell me where...?
How do you get to...?
Go straight ahead for... yards/metres.
Take the first/second etc. turning on the right/left.
Turn right/left at...
It's on your right/left.
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| Asking for and giving
| See that...
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| directions (cont.)
| When you get there, you'll see...
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| You can see it from here.
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| You'll find...
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| Asking for and giving
| And then what?
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| explanations
| How on earth did it happen?
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| I don't know what you mean.
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| What do you mean?
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| What do you mean, exactly?
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| As far as... goes,...
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| As far as I know,...
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| As I said,...
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| As it happens,...
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| As you can see,...
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| As you know,...
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| As you'd expect,...
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| Didn't you know?
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| Haven't you heard?
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| I assure you,...
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| On the whole,...
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| To be honest,...
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| Well, I'll tell you one thing.
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| Well there's just one thing.
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| You know what I mean.
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| Asking for and giving
| What's your name?
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| personal information
| How old are you?
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| Have you got...?
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| What do you do?
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| Do you like...?
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| Do you...?
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| Which... do you like best?
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| Where do you live?
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| Have you (ever)...?
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| How many brothers and sisters have you got?
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| Asking for repetition
| Could you repeat it, please?
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| and clarification
| ... did you say?
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| I'm sorry. Could you repeat that, please?
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| I'm sorry. I didn't quite catch that.
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| I'm sorry. What was that you said?
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| Asking for/ giving
| What shall I do?
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| advice
| What should I do?
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| Ought to
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| Should have
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| You should/ought to...
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| If I were you, I'd...
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| You'd better...
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| I'd advise you to...
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| I (don't) think you should...
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| Asking for/ giving
| There's nothing wrong in... -ing
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| advice (cont.)
| I wouldn't advise you to...
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| I don't think it's a good idea to...
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| It's not worth it
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| It's (not) worth... -ing
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| You can either... or...
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| It is important to...
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| If I were you, I'd...
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| Why don't you...?
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| Try...-ing.
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| Why not...?
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| What/How about... -ing?
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| You really ought to...
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| You could/might
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| A good way to... is to...
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| The best way to... is to...
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| I/We think it's a mistake to...
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| Stop... -ing and start... -ing
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| Better not...
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| Just..., that's all.
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| Now then,...
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| Perhaps you'd better...
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| Asking for/ giving
| And then what?
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| explanations
| What do I do next?
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| What if...?
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| Can you tell me how this machine works?
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| How on earth did it happen?
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| I don't know what you mean.
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| What do you mean?
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| What do you mean, exactly?
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| Because, in order to, so that
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| As far as... goes,...
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| As far as I know,...
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| As I said,...
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| As it happens,...
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| As you can see,...
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| As you know,...
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| As you'd expect,...
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| Didn't you know?
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| Haven't you heard?
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| I assure you,...
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| On the whole,...
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| To be honest,...
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| Well, I'll tell you one thing.
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| Well, there's just one thing.
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| You know what I mean.
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| Asking for/ giving
| Question forms
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| factual information
| Can you tell me...?
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| Asking for/ giving
| I'd like to know...
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| factual information
| I'm looking for...
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| (cont.)
| Could you help me...?
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| Have you got...?
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| Is there...?
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| How much/How often...?
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| Asking for/ giving
| Can, may, must, have to, be allowed to
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| permission/ prohibition
| May I...?
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| Can I/you...?
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| Could I /you (possibly)...?
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| Do you mind...?
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| Would you mind if...?
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| Would you mind...-ing?
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| Would it be possible to...?
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| I wonder if I/you could...?
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| Would you...?
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| Can't, mustn't, may not, oughtn't, shouldn't, had
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| better not
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| Asking for/ giving
| Connectives for reason giving: because, as since,
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| reason
| owing to, because of, on account of.
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| Linking adverbials of cause and reason:
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| So, accordingly, hence, consequently, therefore,
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| thus.
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| Now that...
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| Seeing that...
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| Asking for/ making
| How about...?
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| suggestions
| What about...?
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| Shall we...?
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| Why not...?
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| If you....we'll...
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| They said that...
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| Would you like to...?
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| Let's...?
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| Let's not...
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| .... instead.
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| I've got a better idea.
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| It would be better/more fun to...
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| I'd rather...
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| I'd prefer to...
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| Why don't we...?
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| I suggest...
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| You could be... -ing while I'm away.
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| You might...
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| Better make it later.
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| I've got a suggestion. Why don't we...?
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| Now, if you don't mind...
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| Why don't you...?
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| Asking for/ offering
| Can you help me, please?
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| help
| Could you help me, please?
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| Could I possibly have...?
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| I want to ask you a favour.
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| I wonder if you could help me?
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| I'd like some help.
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| Will you do me a favour?
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| Can I get you anything else?
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| Can I help you?
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| Have you got everything you need?
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| Is there anything I can do?
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| What can I do for you?
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| Would you like me to help you with that?
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| Would you like some help?
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| Attracting attention
| Here.
Here we are.
I'm sorry to bother you.
Listen.
Look.
Oh, look.
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| Changing the subject
| Before I forget,...
By the way,...
Incidentally,...
Now that you mention it,...
Speaking of...
That reminds me...
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| Checking facts
| Are you sure?
Do you think so?
Is that all right?
So, what do you think?
Sure?
Will that do?
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| Comparing and contrasting
| Comparatives and superlatives -er than more than...than... as...as
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| Comparing and contrasting (cont.)
| not as...as, not so... as more... than so... (that) such... (that)
more of a..., as much of a..less of a
the father..., the more
the more the less
...is like...
... is similar to...
...resembles...
... both...
... neither...
...as...as...
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| Complaining
| Everything's fine except for...
I'm afraid I've got a complaint to make.
It seems to be... It won't...
There seems to be one thing missing.
Well, I'm finding it a bit...
Adjectives showing disapproval: awful, disgusting,
not good enough, etc.
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| Correcting
| Er, that's not quite correct. Well, I didn't exactly... Excuse me, I didn't mean...
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| Denying
| Definitely not.
No, actually.
No, nothing like that.
No, you're wrong, I'm afraid.
Not exactly.
Not necessarily.
Not really, I'm afraid.
Of course not.
Surely not.
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| Describing characteristics and qualities
| Present Simple
Present Continuous to express habit Whose
Wh- questions Yes/no questions He's got/she's got... He's/she's + Adj. What's... like? What does he look like? How is he?
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| Describing feelings
| It makes me + Adj. It makes me + V(Adj •)
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| Describing how things/actions are done
| Adverbs
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| Describing objects
| Present Simple
It's + Adj.
It's made of...
It's used for...
Something/a thing (that)...
Something/a thing that you wear when...
Something/a thing that you use to.../for... -ing
A thing for..-ing/with.../that lias...
Stuff/liquid that.../for...
You use it to.../for... -ing/when you
You can... it
A kind/sort of...
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| Describing objects (cont.)
| A thing that goes f on top of/under/...
...a person who...
... a machine which...
... a place where...
X is a... used for...-ing
X is a... used to...
A thing which...-s
A thing for... -ing
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| Describing past habits
| Used to Would
Present tenses
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| Describing spatial relationships
| Size and shape adjectives
Place prepositions
There is/there are
In the foreground/background
On the right/left
It's +Adj.
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| Disagreeing
| Come on, now.
Oh, come on.
Oh, surely not.
You must be joking!
Be reasonable about it, please.
But first, shouldn't we...?
Even so,...
I'm not sure I agree with you. I mean...
I'm not sure you're right. You see..
I see what you mean, but...
Look at it this way.
No, but really...
Still,...
That's all right for you, but...
Well, then... Well, yes, but...
Yes, but have you considered that...? Yes, but on the other hand,...
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| Disapproving
>>
| Oh' not again.
That doesn't sound so good.
That's the trouble.
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| Evaluating
| I think the first one is very good. I don't think much of the second. What do you think of the fourth one? There's nothing in it. I think the fifth is better than the fourth.
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| Exemplifying
| An example of this is when/the way...
For a start,...
For example/instance,...
For one thing,...
If you look at...
Look at...
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| Exemplifying (cont.)
| One more thing,... Take...
Take for instance. To give you an example.
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| Expressing
| Adverbs expressing certainty: probably, possibly,
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| (un)certainty
| definitely, perhaps, maybe, doubtless, indubitably,
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| undeniably, unquestionably
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| I know that...
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| I know what...
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| I'm certain/sure that...
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| They were convinced that...
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| They were convinced of...
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| It is obvious/clear/plain that...
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| He has clearly/obviously/plainly...
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| We do not doubt that...
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| We have no doubt of...
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| Without doubt,...
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| I'm not certain/sure/convinced that...
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| I'm not certain/sure whether...
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| They were uncertain/unsure (of)...
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| I doubt if...
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| I don't think...
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| There were some doubts about...
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| We have doubts about...
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| They were uncertain of/about
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| Expressing
| Will be able to
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| ability/inability
| Won't be able to
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| Expressing
| I'm (rather/very) disappointed that...
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| disappointment and
| It is (a little bit) disappointing that...
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| regret
| It's a (great) shame/pity that...
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| I'm sorry to hear that...
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| I would have hoped that...
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| I had hoped that...
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| I wish (that) someone had let me know.
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| If only I had known!
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| Unfortunately,...
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| I wish I hadn't...
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| I shouldn't have...
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| If I had done X, I wouldn't be doing Y now.
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| If only I hadn't...
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| I regret not having...
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| It's a pity I didn't...
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| Expressing hopes
| I hope I'll be able...
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| I want(ed) to be...
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| I want(ed) to...
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| I hope to...
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| I would like/love/hate to...
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| I would like to start/stop/keep on... -ing
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| Expressing hopes
| I expect to...
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| (cont.)
| My parents/teachers want(ed) me to... and I still
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| want to...
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| But I changed my mind
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| I think I have a good chance (of... -ing)
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| I don't think I have much chance.
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| When I retire I'm going to...
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| Expressing obligation
| Must/mustn't, have to
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| and necessity
| Should/shouldn't
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| Don't have to
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| Have to
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| Have (got) to
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| Ought to
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| Need to
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| Had better
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| Shall
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| Do you need...?
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| Do you have to use a...?
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| Is it essential/necessary to...?
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| It's essential/useful/optional/necessary/advisable,
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| etc.
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| You need/don't need a...
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| You have to/don't have to...
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| I need to...
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| I want to...
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| Expressing preferences
| Comparative and superlative adjectives
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| I'd like...
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| I'd rather...
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| ... would be better
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| to prefer N to N
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| to prefer... -ing to... -ing
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| rather than to..., he prefers to...
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| rather than... -ing she prefers... -ing
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| I'd prefer to... rather than...
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| I'd rather... than...
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| Expressing probability,
| Ought to
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| possibility/
| Should
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| improbability,
| It is quite probable/likely that
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| impossibility
| He is probably...
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| They have very likely did it.
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| It is likely to finish late.
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| Shouldn't
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| Oughtn't to
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| It is improbable/unlikely that
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| Absolutely impossible.
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| It can't be...
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| It might be/it could be
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| It looks like...
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| If I had..., what would have happened
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| If I hadn't..., what would have happened
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| Expressing wishes
| I wish I could... I wish I had... I wish I was...
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| Forgiving
| Don't worry.
It doesn't matter, really.
Not at all.
That's OK.
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| Giving confirmation
| Absolutely correct. Correct. I'll say it is. That's correct. That's right. Yes, actually. Yes, definitely. Yes, indeed. Yes, that's right. Yes, you are right. You must be right. You're right first time.
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| Giving orders and instructions
| Imperative forms Must
Sequencers: firstly, next, then, after that, finally, etc.
Before... it is important to...
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| Greeting
| Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Hello.
Hi.
Hello, nice to see you. Hi, there.
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| 'Hesitating
| Let me see... Let me think... Let's see...
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| Hypothesising
| Past tenses Conditionals
Could have, might have, may have, can't have
What would you do if...? He/she'd...
It must/might/could/can't be/have been... He/she must/might/could/can't have
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| Identifying belongings
| Possessive adjectives
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| Introducing oneself/ others
| May I introduce (you to)...? This is... Meet...
I don't think you've met...
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| Making an additional point
Making an additional point (cont)
| Besides,... But that's not all. Well, that's not quite all. What's more,...
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| Making and cancelling plans and arrangements
| Going to/ Present Continuous/ Future continuous
for arrangements that have been made
Will for making arrangements
Would like/would rather/would prefer
How about...?
What about...?
Let's...
Shall we...?
Would you like to...?
You can't...
You'll have to...
I'm sorry/I'm afraid I can't/ I'll have to/ it won't be possible to...
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| Making conclusions and stating results
| Subordinate clauses with so, so that, therefore
Must
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| Making predictions
| Will/going to for future predictions and speculation
Will have
Will be
It looks as if
My guess is that...
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| Making/ responding to parting remarks
| Goodbye; Cheers. (Bye)-bye. See you.
See you at six o'clock.
Cheerio.
So long.
See you later.
See you tomorrow.
Good night.
Goodbye.
It's been nice knowing you.
I'll see you, then. I've got to go now.
Must you go so soon?
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| Opening a conversation
| I don't know if you're aware of this, but...
I don't suppose you know...
Now...
Tell me...
You know,...
You probably won't believe this, but...
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| Persuading
| It's obvious that... You must agree that... Why don't you...? Do sit down. I'll... if you...
How about...
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| Putting a different
| After all,...
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| point of view
| All the same,...
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| Anyway,...
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| At any rate,...
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| Mind you,...
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| Restating
| ... in fact...
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| ... in other words...
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| ... that is...
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| ... that is to say...
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| That means...
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| You mean...
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| You mean to say that...
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| Setting conditions
| Would you...?
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| Will you...?
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| If I give you will you give me...?
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| How about...?
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| I'll... if...
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| Shall I...?
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| I'll...
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| Would you like...?
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| Showing surprise
| It's (rather) surprising/amazing/astonishing that...
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| I am/was (very) surprised that...
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| What a surprise!
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| How strange/odd/astonishing/amazing that...!
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| Wasn't it extraordinary that...?
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| Surprisingly/strangely/incredibly,...
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| Really! I'd no idea.
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| That's a surprise.
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| That's amazing.
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| That's funny.
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| That's incredible!
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| Well, I'm surprised.
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| Well, that's amazing!
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| Stating and justifying
| Connectives for reason giving: because, so that etc.
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| opinions
| I/We need/want...
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| I think that...
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| In my opinion...
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| To my mind,...
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| It would be better/more reasonable etc. to...
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| Be reasonable about it, please.
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| But first, shouldn't we...?
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| Even so,...
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| I'm not sure I agree with you. I mean...
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| I'm not sure you are right. You see...
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| I see what you mean, but...
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| Look at it this way.
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| That's all right for you, but...
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| Yes, but have you considered that...?
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| Stating and justifying opinions (cont)
| Yes, but on the other hand,...
I believe that...
I can't be certain, but I think...
I could be wrong, but I think...
I personally think...
If you want to know what I think,...
I'm not at all sure that...
I'm not sure, but I think that...
In my personal opinion...
My concern is...
Not everybody will agree with me, but... Personally, I feel that... This is what I think...
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| Stating consequences
| So, therefore, thus, accordingly, hence, consequently
Which means/meant that... So...that
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| Stating intentions
| Present continuous
Will/shall with personal subjects
Intend, mean, aim + infinitive clause
I'm going to...
I've been meaning to...
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| Stating the problem
| The main point is...
The most important thing is...
The problem is...
The trouble is...
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| Sympathising
| Oh' bad luck.
Oh dear, I am sorry to hear that.
Oh, poor you!
Oh, that's terrible.
Oh, what a pity!
That's a pity.
That's awful.
That's terrible!
That's too bad.
Too bad.
What a shame!
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| Talking about likes and dislikes
| Like, love, interested in, hate, can't stand, etc.
Like doing v. like to do
Do you like/enjoy...?
Are you interested in...?
Which do you prefer...?
I like/enjoy/hate/prefer/am interested in...
Adverbials of degree:
Hike...
I quite like...
I really like...
I like... very much
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| Talking about likes and
| I love...
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| dislikes (cont.)
| I don't mind...
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| I don't like...
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| I don't much like...
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| I really don't like...
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| I don't like... at all.
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| Thanking and
| Thank you (very much) for... -ing
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| responding to thanks
| I'd like to thank you for... -ing
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| I'd like to say thank you for... -ing
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| Thanks a lot.
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| Thanks for your advice.
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| Thanks. You've been most helpful.
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| Thank you for your help.
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| Many thanks.
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| Not at all.
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| That's all right.
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| You're welcome.
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| Don't give it another thought.
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| That's perfectly all right.
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| That's quite all right.
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