Computer programming
63. Read the text about computer programming. Write the number of the paragraph that gives you the information. a. a description of machine language □ b. the greatest problem for computer programmers □ c. the names of three high-level computer languages □ d. a description of an algorithm □ e. different uses of computers in our lives □ 1. An algorithm is a set of logical rules that we use to solve a problem. Computer programmers often use algorithms to plan their programs, but the only languages a computer understands without translation is machine language. This uses the binary system of 1 and 0, which matches the electrical positions ‘on’ and ‘of’. We can also show these numbers in English by Yes/No or True/False. 2. Machine language is a low-level language and is very difficult to write. Over the years, computer scientists have developed many high-level languages, such as BASIC, C++ and Java. These languages use a computer code that is similar to English, which makes them easier to learn. A computer program is just a set of coded instructions. A computer translates the code into machine language to complete a specific task. A computer receives input, processes data and produces results, or output, according to the program code. 3. We use computers in many parts of our lives, and not just in schools or for the Internet. There are computers in all kinds of electrical devices, from mobile phones to washing machines. We can find them in banks, supermarkets and cars. When programmers write programs, they have to plan carefully for every possible kind of error a computer user can input into the computer. It is planning for the random behaviour of humans that makes programming so much fun.
64. Circle the answers yes or no. 1. Programmers use algorithms when writing programs. yes/no 2. Programmers write programs using the numbers 1 and 0. yes/no 3. Machine language is a high-level language. yes/no 4. We only find computer programs in computers. yes/no
65. Answer the question. A. 1. What is an algorithm? 2. What does a binary system consist of? 3. Why are high-level languages easy to learn? 4. What do computers do with code? 5. Why must programmers plan carefully? B. 1. What kind of errors do you make with computers? 2. How do you behave when things go wrong with a computer (or any machine)? 3. How do different people you know behave when things go wrong?
66. Complete the sentences (1-6) with the words in the box.
1. _______the bank machine, I have no money in my bank account. 2. Video and digital cameras are other _______ that use computers. 3. _______ is any result a computer displays on a screen or prints from a printer. 4. A computer receives _______ from users when they click on a command. 5. I made too many _______ in my test so I got a bad grade. 6. Not everyone _______ logically when things go wrong with a computer.
67. Choose the correct word. 1. Most people can easily learn a _______ language and become programmers. A. low-level B. high-level C. binary 2. You can use a mouse or keyboard to _______ data into the computer. A. output B. input C. process 3. Some children _______ very badly when they can’t have something they want. A. process B. solve C. behave 4. You can draw _______ for many simply procedures. A. an algorithm B. a code C. data 5. Computers _______ programming language into machine language. A. use B. develop C. translate 6. A computer can _______ large amounts of data at very high speeds. A. process B. result C. complete
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