AUSTRALIA
Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth large country and the smallest continent. Australia lies between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The name of the country comes from Latin word «australis» which mean southern. The country's official name is Commonwealth of Australia. The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of states. Australia has six states - New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Each state has its government. Australia has two territories - the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. The capital of the country is Canberra. Sydney is the best known place in New South Wales. In fact, it’s the best known place in Australia. Australia is a constitutional monarchy like Great Britain. The nation is administered under written constitution. The British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is also queen of Australia and country's head of state. But the queen has little power in the Australian government. She serves mainly as a symbol of long historical tie between Great Britain and Australia. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations which is an association formed by Britain and some of its former colonies. Australia is one of the world's developed countries. Australia has modern factories, highly productive mines and farms, and busy cities. It is the world's leading producer of wool and bauxite (the ore from which aluminum is made). It also produces and exports large amounts of other minerals and farm goods. Income from the export enables Australians to have high standard of living. The most important trading partners of Australia are Japan and the United States.
IV. Words to be learnt: to lie – находиться to be situated – быть расположенным mainland – материк Latin – латинский Commonwealth of Australia – Австралийский Союз federation – федерация state – государство, штат tie – связь Commonwealth of Nations – Британское Содружество Наций
Lexical Exercises: I. Find the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column for the following:
II. Use the proper preposition where necessary: 1. Australia lies … the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. 2. The name of the country comes … Latin word «australis» which mean southern. 3. The Commonwealth … Australia is a federation … states. 4. The nation is administered … written constitution. 5. Income … the export enables Australians to have high standard of living.
III. Finish the following sentences: 1. It is the sixth large country and …. 2. Australia has two territories - the Australian Capital Territory and …. 3. The British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is also queen of Australia and …. 4. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations which is …. 5. Australia has modern factories, highly productive mines and …. IV. Answer the following questions: 1. Where does the Australia lie? 2. What is the official name of the country? 3. What is the capital of the country? 4. Who is the country’s head of state? 5. Is there written constitution in Australia? 6. What are the main products of Australia? 7. What are the most important trade partners of the country? V. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English: 1. Австралия – это единственная страна в мире, являющаяся одновременно и континентом. 2. Австралия – конституционная монархия и управляется согласно записанной конституции. 3. Австралия является одной из наиболее развитых стран мира. 4. Доход от экспорта позволяет Австралии поддерживать высокий уровень жизни. 5. Япония и Соединённые Штаты Америки – важнейшие партёры Австралии. 6. Австралия – страна голубых гор. 7. Австралийский Союз – это федерация штатов. 8. В Австралии есть современные фабрики, высокопроизводительные фермы и шахты, города с высокой степенью деловой активности. 9. Когда мы слышим слово Австралия, мы представляет себе кенгуру, бумеранг, крокодилов и змей. 10. Самый большой город Австралии – Сидней.
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