History of computers. Let`s take a look at the history of the computers that we know today
Let`s take a look at the history of the computers that we know today. The very first calculating device used was the ten fingers of a man`s hand. Then the abacus was invented. People went on using some form of abacus till the 16th century because it can be understood without knowing how to read. During the 17th and 18th centuries many people tried to find easy ways of calculating. J.Napier, a Scotsman, devised a mechanical way of multiplying and dividing. In 1830 Charles Babbage, an Englishman, designed a machine that was called “The Analytical Engine”. He never finished this work, but many of his ideas were the basis for building today`s computers. In 1946 two engineers at the University of Pennsylvania, J.Eckert and J. Maushly, built the first digital computer using parts called vacuum tubes. Another important advancement was in 1947 when John von Newman developed the idea of keeping instructions for the computer inside the computer`s memory.
Словообразование 1. Образуйте глаголы при помощи данных суффиксов и переведите как исходные, так и производные слова: -en: length, strength, hard, light, wide, broad, bright; -ify:solid, pure, simple, intense, electric, quality; -ize:magnet, organ, crystal, character, special, pressure.
2. Образуйте при помощи суффикса -ion существительные от глаголов с суффиксом -ate и переведите как исходные, так и производные слова: illustrate, regulate, ventilate, condensate, demonstrate, accelerate, indicate, activate, concentrate.
Урок 9
Чтение Буквы и буквосочетания, передающие звуки [ɔ:], [eı]. Грамматика Инфинитив (Infinitive). Словообразование Префиксы un-, non-, in-, im-, ir-, il-, dis-, mis-.
Словарный минимум
Упражнения на чтение 1. Прочтите слова, обращая внимание на то, что выделенные буквы а, e, о самостоятельно и в буквосочетаниях передают звуки: [ɔ:] f or ce, or bit, or der, inf or m; st or e, bef or e, m or e, st or y; c au se, p au se, l au nch, bec au se, au tomatic; l aw, dr aw, s aw; w ar m, w a ter, q uar ter; c all, h all, sm all, al ready, inst all; th ou ght, b ou ght, s ou ght; y our, f our, c our se, s our ce, res our ce; d oor, fl oor. [eı] tr ai n, m ai n, cont ai n, obt ai n, expl ai n; d ay, m ay, l ay, r ay, s ay; ch a nge, r a nge, str a nge, d a nger; w ast e, p ast e, t ast e, b ast e; situ a te, calcul a te, cre a te, investig a te, form a tion, st a tion, applic a tion; br ea k, st ea k, gr ea t, th ey, conv ey.
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