Farming

 

1. farming [ uncountable ] the practice or business of growing crops or keeping animals on a farm занятие сельским хозяйством / фермерством, ведение сельского / фермерского хозяйства; земледелие: In the wettest and wildest parts of the marshes, fishing and fowling replaced more organized farming.

arable / livestock / sheep / dairy / fish / fur farming: It was no accident that a good many towns were sited on the borderline between arable farming and pastoral regions. | Livestock farming has been seriously affected by the need to produce so much so quickly. | But coyotes are taking the biggest bite out of sheep farming in Northern California. | This makes the area unsuitable for dairy farming where a constant supply of lush summer grass is essential.

farming industry: The farming industry needs to inform the public about all aspects of their industry and open these up to public discussion. | As has been said before, there is a general gloom about the farming industry.

2. agriculture [ uncountable ] the practice or science of farming сельское хозяйство; земледелие; агрономия: Local wildlife and agriculture are likely to be badly affected, environmentalists claim. | More than 75% of the land is used for agriculture. | But this pattern has begun to change, especially in the ever-sensitive area of agriculture. | The initiative will allow the entrepreneurs to test new approaches to agriculture or develop new agricultural products and activities. | Agriculture is still largely based on traditional methods in some countries. | The area depends on agriculture for most of its income.

3. farming | agriculture COLLOCATIONS

to be involved / engaged / employed in farming / agriculture | to practise farming / agriculture заниматься сельским хозяйством: She will most probably be involved in agriculture, in subsistence farming of crops like rice. | They were engaged in agriculture and industry but they renounced trade. | At the beginning of the 1980s, about a third of the total labour force was employed in agriculture. | Seventy percent of the country's population practises subsistence agriculture.

intensive / sustainable / traditional / organic farming / agriculture: They said they didn't have strong views on intensive farming. | Our increase in intensive farming has brought with it an increase in outbreaks of food poisoning. | More intensive agriculture has led to increased concentrations of nitrate in groundwater in many areas. | The basic challenge for sustainable agriculture is to maximize the use of locally-available and renewable resources. | One battleground in the debate is the issue of whether biotechnology threatens sustainable agriculture. | Quietly, slowly and significantly, sustainable agriculture is sweeping the farming systems of the world. | The decline in revenue from traditional farming means that farmers must diversify. | If agreed by the Council of Ministers it will form the basis for support to the maintenance of traditional agriculture without intensification. | Some farmers are likely to achieve this by converting to organic farming.

subsistence farming / agriculture натуральное сельское хозяйство; примитивное сельское хозяйство: Much of the worldwide loss was the result of impoverished farmers being compelled to clear the land for subsistence agriculture. | By contrast, there was a general shift from subsistence agriculture to the production of cash crops and the provision of services. | The world which had been dominated by subsistence agriculture crumbled.

4. agricultural (adjective) relating to farming сельскохозяйственный; аграрный, земельный, земледельческий: The country's economy is mainly agricultural and depends on crops like coffee. | The land is only to be used for agricultural purposes. | Large families are more common in traditional agricultural societies than in cities. | The Saudi authorities have made agricultural development a central plank of policy to make the country less dependent on imports. | Relief agencies are stepping up efforts to provide food, shelter and agricultural equipment.

agricultural land: The world's supply of agricultural land is shrinking fast. | Good agricultural land is in short supply. | Chemical products were used liberally over agricultural land.

agricultural policy: Farmers have criticized the government's agricultural policy.

agricultural reform: Successful agricultural reform is also a sine qua non of Mexico's modernization.

agricultural productivity / efficiency продуктивность сельского хозяйства, производительность труда в сельском хозяйстве: Agricultural productivity remained low by comparison with advanced countries like the United States. | There are many ways to increase agricultural efficiency in the poorer areas of the world.

agricultural products / produce сельскохозяйственные продукты, сельскохозяйственная продукция: France is the world's second-biggest exporter of agricultural products. | There's a glut of agricultural products in Western Europe.

agricultural production сельскохозяйственное производство: The drought has severely disrupted agricultural production. | Exceptionally dry weather over the past year has cut agricultural production.

agricultural / farm subsidies субсидии на развитие сельского хозяйства: The European Community is at loggerheads with the rest of the world over its agricultural subsidies. | The US wants big cuts in European agricultural export subsidies, but this is meeting resistance. | A clash with America over farm subsidies left the Europeans and their common agricultural policy shaken but not stirred.