MEDICAL SPECIALTIES AND SPECIALISTS 4 страницаЛікар: У Вас типова (common) застуда. Треба полежати кілька днів у ліжку та попити ліки. Ось рецепт. Ганна: Скільки разів на день? Лікар: Три рази після їжі. Також пийте гарячий чай з молоком. Ганна: Як ви гадаєте, скільки часу мені доведеться пролежати у ліжку? Лікар: Днів три-чотири. Я впевнений, що до кінця тижня Ви почуватимете себе добре. Ганна: Дякую, лікарю. Лікар: До побачення. Exercise 7. Complete the following dialog. Doctor: Good morning, Mr. Thompson. What's the trouble? Mr Thompson:... Doctor: Any pain? Mr Thompson:... Doctor: Please, strip to the waist and lie down on the examination couch. I'll examine you. Mr Thompson:... Doctor: Certainly, for a week or ten days. There's a prescription. Take a spoonful of this medicine three times a day. Mr Thompson:... Doctor: Oh, don't mention it. Please, follow my instructions. Good-bye. Exercise 8. Make up your own dialog "A Doctor and a Patient" with your friend. (Use the plan from Exercise 5.) Exercise 9. Learn the poem by heart. The Doctor When I am ill. I go to bed And on the pillow lay my head. The doctor comes and says, "Dear me! Whatever can the matter be?" He feels my pulse and sees my tongue, He tests my heart and then each lung; He asks how old I am and then He takes his paper and his pen, And makes a note of things that taste So horrid, that I'm sure it's waste To take them. But he says: "Each noon Take this, and you'll be better soon." Notes: Dear me! - Господи! (висловлення здивування) Whatever can the matter be? - Що трапилось? makes a note of things - (тут) виписує ліки horrid - страшний I'm sure it's waste - я впевнений, що це марно (даремно)
II. Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Translate the following one-root words and name what parts of speech they belong to. - pain, painful, painless - depend, dependant, dependence - effect, effective, efectiveness, effectively - order, disorder - cover, recover, recovery - differ, difference, different, differentiate - action, act, activity, reaction Exercise 2. Translate the sentences, pay attention to the construction It is... that. 1. It is that student who helped you to do it. 2. It is this thing that you need so much. 3. It is this text which tells us about the surgery. 4. It is from the plant that aspinin got its name (spirea plant). 5. It is the date when he was born. 6. It's the room where operations are performed. Exercise 3. Learn the conjunctions of adverbial clauses.
Exercise 4. Translate the sentences with adverbial clauses. 1. The research could be carried at the hospital where many patients were treated. 2. In order to make some tests he has to know the methods well. 3. Normal function may sometimes be restored when it is disordered. 4. Because of the use of computers new information is obtained. 5. This new book is the bestseller since the beginning of the year. 6. The article is to be recommended to medical students as it deals with medicine. 7. The picture is a good example of the subject as it has a large number of figures. 8. She is waiting for him, because he must give her a dictionary.
III. Independent Work: Health Exercise 1. Read the interviews with teenagers. Health Are you the healthy-eating, clean-living, sporty type? Or are you destroying yourself with cigarettes, alcohol and junk food? Do you carry on with life through headaches, colds or flu? Or are you a hypochondriac who goes straight to the doctor if you're feeling a bit tired? Whatever your type, we all love hearing about other people's illnesses and accidents. Here are interviews with four London students about their health and their attitudes to it. Kate Nolan, 15: I don't smoke, and I never will; I'm sure of that. I'm not paranoid about drink; I have a glass of wine now and then, but I'm not very keen on it. I've never been actually drunk. I get bad headaches sometimes if I'm veiy tired or stressed. Then I take paracetamol and have a rest, and that normally does the trick. Rita Leung, 19: I started smoking but I managed to give up after about one year. It's all a matter of will power. You can do absolutely anything if you want to. That s what I believe. I can't understand drug addicts; they are wasting their lives, and they could stop so easily if they really wanted to. It's the same thing with diet. If you know certain foods are bad for you, or make you fat, just don't eat them. Traditional Chinese medicine can help with psychological things as well as physical problems. Some people have stopped smoking after being treated with acupuncture. Ciaran Mitchell, 18: I smoke about twenty cigarettes a day. I know it s bad for me but I tried to give up a couple of times and it just failed miserably. I find that I don't really have the will power. I play football, American football and volleyball. Ifind I have more energy since I've been playing. But it s not always good for your health - at the moment I've got two cracked ribs from playing American football! I broke all the bones in my left arm. I had three operations and a year of physiotherapy. My arm will never be the same again. But I'm right-handed, so it doesn't really have an effect on studies and things like that. AIDS scares me a lot. I've known two people who have died of it. They thought they 'd be OK. They didn't realize the risk, and they just ended up dying. It's really quite emotional time, realizing someone is going to die, just because they weren't careful. Mayssa Daye, 17: I get colds quite often. Mainly, I just cany on as normal with a cold. But if it gets too bad, I go to the doctor and see what he gives me - cough medicine and antibiotics, mainly. I was bitten by a dog once. I was at my ex-boyfriend's house, and we went out to the park. I was on the swings, and the dog doesn f like swings. So it decided to take a chunk out of my leg! I didn Ї go to the hospital. I went to the doctor, and he gave me an injection. It wasn't too bad, but I won't forget it! I don't smoke, but I do drink - occasionally. The main health problem I worry about is AIDS. Notes: junk food [азлпк] калорійна, нездорова їжа (у закусочних, із автоматів тощо) hypochondriac [.haipsu'krmdriaek] іпохондрик now and then - час від часу be keen on smth - захоплюватися чим-небудь do the trick [trik] досягати мети; (тут) допомогає drug addict ['sdikt] наркоман acupuncture ['ajkjui.pAnktfa] голкотерапія couple of times ['клрі] кілька разів fail [feil] зазнати невдачі miserably ['mizarebli] абсолютно cracked [kraskt] тріснутий; надтріснутий rib [rib] ребро AIDS - СНІД swings [swirjz] гойдалка chunk [tpvrjk] шматок Exercise 2. What do the young people tell about their health?
Exercise 3. What bad habits and what terrible diseases do they speak about? Exercise 4. Tell about your and your friends' bad habits and what you do to get rid of them. LESSON TWENTY-FOUR
I. Speaking: A Visit to a Doctor
Exercise 1. Phonetic reading. Read the words and memorize their pronunciation. During ['djo(9)rirj], to live [liv], because [bi'koz], pioneer [,раіз'піз], to arouse [s'rauz], since [sins], growth [grauG], heart [hu:t], publicity [pA'blisiti], although [з:Гбзо], to know [пзи], child [tfaild], eight children [eit'tfildren]. Exercise 2. Read the new words and translate the word combinations with them. Memorize these words. Registry ['rechjistri] реєстратура: at the registry; to work at the registry, to come to the registry, a registering clerk [kla:k], to work as a registering clerk; appointment [s'pointmsnt] призначення, домовленість про зустріч: to take an appointment with a doctor, to make an appointment with a fellow student at the canteen, to make an appointment for some time; therapeutist [r0er3'pju:tist] терапевт: an experienced therapeutist, to work as a therapeutist, the therapeutist listens to the patient's heart and lungs, the therapeutist examines me thoroughly; diagnosis [,dai3g'nsusis] діагноз: diagnoses, to make a diagnosis, to make a correct diagnosis, the therapeutist made a diagnosis of influenza; to prescribe [pris'kraib] призначати: to prescribe a treatment, to prescribe some medicine; trouble [ЧглЬІ] хвороба; турбота; клопіт: a serious trouble, to trouble, to complain of some troubles, a heart trouble, a liver trouble, a stomach trouble; headache ['hedeik] головний біль: to have a headache, to have a bad headache, to complain of headache, to suffer from a bad headache, a splitting headache; throat [бгзиі] горло: a sore throat, to have a sore throat, to suffer from a sore throat; waist [weist] талія: to strip to the waist, the doctor asked the patient to strip to the waist; pulse [pAls] пульс: to feel somebody's pulse, his pulse is normal, her pulse was abnormal; rubdown ['rAbdaun] обтирання: to have a rubdown, to have a cold rubdown, everybody must have a cold rubdown in the morning, cold rubdowns are useful; to catch [kastf] (caught [кз:і]) ловити, схопити: to catch a cold, to catch a bad cold, he caught a bad cold, she caught a bad cold; cough [kof] кашель: to cough, to be coughing, I am coughing, to have a bad cough; sneeze [sni:z] чхати: to be sneezing, he is sneezing, why are you sneezing?; to cause [ko:z] спричиняти: to cause pain, to cause a complication, to cause a serious complication, what caused these complications?; scalding ['sko:ldin] гарячий: a scalding foot bath, to have a scalding foot bath, to prescribe a scalding foot bath, I was prescribed a scalding foot bath; fever ['fi:va] лихоманка: a bad fever, to keep the fever down, to have a bad fever, to be running high temperature; to reveal [ri'vi:l] показувати; відкривати: to be revealed, medical examination reveals, the X-ray examination revealed lung throubles; a running nose - нежить: a cold in the head, a bad cold in the head; complaint [krjm'pleint] скарга: What are you complaining of? What do you complain of? What troubles you? What's wrong? Have you had any pain? Where? Exercise 3. Make up sentences with the following word combinations, splitting headache - сильний головний біль clogged nose - закладений ніс be running high temperature - мати високу температуру write out some slips - виписати направлення first aid station - станція швидкої допомоги make the daily round - робити щоденний обхід take a scalding foot bath парити ноги keep one's fever down - збити температуру nip the disease in the bud - вбити хворобу у зародку recover from an illness - одужати від хвороби
Exercise 4. Read the text and translate it,
At the Doctor's If we catch cold, we feel a splitting headache, have a clogged nose, cough, run a high temperature, we must go to the polyclinic. First we come to the registry. The registering clerk on duty asks the name, address, age and occupation. He writes out some slips because several specialists will examine us. Some of them will listen to our heart and lungs, some will check up our kidneys, liver, stomach, eyesight, hearing. The others will conduct our blood analysis, take our blood pressure and X-ray us. Our district doctor sees his patients in the consulting room No. 4. A nurse gives us a thermometer to take our temperature. We must keep it under an armpit. Last time my temperature was 37.9°C. The doctor asked what my trouble was. He offered to sit down in a chair and to strip to the waist. He felt my pulse. It was faint and accelerated. Then I lay on the examination couch, and the doctor palpated my abdomen. He asked me from what diseases I suffered in my childhood. I suffered from scarlet fever (measles, chicken pox). At that moment I felt dizzy and was damp with sweat. The doctor filled in my card and diagnosed the case as the flu. Then he wrote out a prescription for some medicine: pills, powder, drops, mixture. He also advised me to take a scalding foot bath, to put a hot water bottle on my feet, to have a hot tea with raspberry jam. That would keep my fever down. The results of my X-ray examination and blood analysis were normal. I had the prescription made at the chemist's. I followed the prescribed treatment to avoid complications. Every day I took a tablespoonful of mixture 3 times a day and some pills. In two days I was better and in a week I recovered from my illness. I began to take a good care of myself. Now I go in for sports because sports make us strong, healthy and cheerful. Every day I do my morning exercises and have a cold rubdown to prevent myself from catching cold. There is a good proverb: an apple a day keeps the doctor away. That's why I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. In cause of a sudden and severe illness or an accident calls are made to the first aid station. There doctors are on duty all day round. There are many ambulances there equipped with everything necessary to render first aid. They have all kinds of medicine, stretchers, radio equipment. A patient is transported to the hospital without delay. There he is taken to the reception ward first. After careful questioning and examination the doctor fills in the patient's case history. Then a patient is given special clothes and is put to a ward for treatment. The doctors make their daily round there. They examine patients and prescribe different treatments. The nurses take the patients' temperature, give injections, apply cups and mustard plasters, give medicine. When a patient is completely cured, he is discharged from the hospital. There are different departments in the hospital. They are: surgical department, therapy, the department of infectious diseases, etc. The problem of health service has become one of the greatest concerns of the government. It's necessary to expose the disease before it has taken root, to nip the disease in the bud. Periodic medical examination at schools, plants, factories helps to do it. If a person is ill, he can take a sick-leave paid at the government's expense. Trade unions provide sanatoriums, health resorts, rest houses, summer camps. The aim of medical service is to achieve lower mortality rate.
Exercise 5. Title each paragraph of the text "At the Doctor's". Exercise 6. Read the dialog and act it out with your fellow student. - Good afternoon, doctor! - Good afternoon. Sit down, please. What's troubling you? Where is the pain? - I am quite unwell. I feel giddy. My nose is running. I have a splitting headache, a sore throat and a cough. - What is your temperature? -1 was running a very high temperature yesterday. But today I haven't taken it. - Take the thermometer, please, and put it under your armpit. What infectious diseases have you suffered from? - I've had measles, mumps, chicken pox and pneumonia. - Well, now give me the thermometer... 38.5. It's rather high. Let me feel your pulse... Now strip to the waist, please. I'll listen to your heart and lungs. Please, take a deep breath. Breathe deeply... Now hold your breath... Now cough... That will do. Do you feel a little pain in your heart? -Alittle bit. - You have cardiac murmur. Do you do morning exercises? - No, I don't. - Well, you should, and have a cold rubdown every morning. That will keep you from catching colds. Then eat lots of fruit. Drink hot tea with lemon or raspberry jam. I also advise you to put a hot water bottle under your feet and try a scalding foot bath. Apply cups and mustard plasters on your back. Here is a prescription for medicine. You'll have it made at the chemist's. - Thank you ever so much, doctor. Good-bye.
Exercise 7. Learn the plan of patient examination (from Lesson 23). Exercise 8. Make up a dialog "At the Doctor's" with your friend. You are a doctor and he is a patient. Mind the plan. Use the following phrases. Introduction 1. Come in, please. (You may. Yes, yes.) 2. Good morning (afternoon, evening)! 3. Do you speak English? (Can you speak English?) 4. Do sit down. (Sit down, please.) 5. Next, please! (Next!) 6. Will you wait a minute, please? 7. Don't open the door, please. 1. What's your full name? (What's your surname?) 2. How old are you? (Your age?) 3. Will you tell me your address? (Where do you live? In what street do you live?)
4. Would you tell me about your occupation? (What is your occupation? Where do you work? Your profession?) 5. Are you married or single (divorced, widowed)? (Do you have a wife/husband? Do you have a family? How many children do you have (have you got)?) 6. What's your education? (Your education, please. Did you go to school?) Complaints What are you complaining of? (What do you complain of? Your complaints, please? What troubles you? What exactly is the trouble? What's wrong? Have you had any pain? Where?) Present History 1. Where do you feel the pain? (Is it painful here? That painful? Show me the exact point, please.) 2. Have you been ill for a long time? How long? (How long have you felt pains here? How many days? A month? A week?) 3. What kind of pain? (Is your pain (cough, etc.) constant, severe, mild, etc.? With or without intervals?) 4. Does the pain occur before or after eating? (When does the pain begin? When do you feel the pain?) 5. Where does the pain radiate to? (Does the pain radiate? Where to? Where else do you feel pains?) 6. When did you fall ill? (When did you first feel bad (unwell, dizzy, etc.)?) 7. How did the disease develop? (When did you begin to feel worse?) 8. What makes you feel better? (In what position do you feel better? What helps you? Show me, please.) 9. Tell me, please, did you take any drug (medicine)? (Did you take any pills?)
10. What drug (medicine) did you take? (What were they? Give me the name of the drug.) 11. Did it relieve your symptoms? (Did you feel better after tablets? Did the drug help you? What drug (medicine) helps you?) 12. Have you ever been injured? (Were you injured? Were you operated on? Have you had any injures? Are you after any operation? After an operation?) 13. Did you consult any doctor? 14. What was his diagnosis? (What did he say?) Past History
1. Were you in good health before? (Have you had any illness before?) 2. How did you develop as a child? (Were you a normal child? Did you have rickets?)
3. Are you the eldest in your family? What diseases did you have in your childhood (when you were a child)? Did you have scarlet fever (mumps, etc.)? 4. Did you suffer from any grave disease? (Have you ever had tuberculosis or syphilis (infectious diseases, heart attacks, fits, fainting, spells, etc.)?)
5. And any of your relatives? 6. When did it happen? (When was it?) 7. Would you tell me about any complications you had? (Did you have any complications 8. Did you undergo any operations (Were you operated on?) 9. What living conditions do you have? (Do you live in a good house?)
10. You don't smoke, do you? (Are you a heavy smoker? Do you smoke?) 11. Do you have a good appetite? (Is your appetite good?) 12. What about alcohol? (Do you drink any whisky, beer, etc.?) 13. Do you suffer from cough? (Do you cough?) 1. Open your mouth, will you? (Open your mouth, please. Open your mouth). 2. Put out your tongue. (Stick out your tongue. Show me your tongue. Just your tongue.) 3. Your tongue is rather coated. (Your tongue is not clean.) 4. Say "Aah", please. (Say after me: "Aah". "Aah", please.) 5. Turn your head, will you? (With your head to the window. Look at the door (window).) 6. Try to swallow. (Swallow, please. Do like that, please.) 7. Follow my finger with your eyes. (Look at my finger. Don't move your head but follow 8. Do you have good eyesight (hearing)? (Do you have good eyes (good ear)?) 9. Come here if you can. (Here, please.)
10. Try to relax, please. (Be quiet.) 11. Let me feel your pulse. (Put your hand on the table, please.) 12. Will you stand still? (Stand still, please.) 13. Don't move your shoulders. (Don't move.) 14. I am going to examine you. (I'll examine you.) 15. Strip to the waist, please. (Take your clothes off. Undress.) 16. Unfasten your outer garments, please. (Just remove your shirt, will you? Your shirt!) 17. Would you breathe deeply? (Breathe deeper. Breathe.) 18. Try to take a deep breath, please. (Again. Breathe in.) 19. Breathe out, please. (Breathe out.)
II. Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Define the parts of speech of the following words, translate them. intense - intensification - intensive able - ability - probability effect - effective - effectively produce - productive - production add - addition - additionally village - villager collect - collection - collective Exercise 2. Translate the sentences. Mind the sequence of tenses. 1. It was clear that he finished high school. 2. Doctors recognized that this virus produced lung illness. 3. It was necessary to say that he was an excellent specialist. 4. The nurse wanted to know if the patient was better. 5. Generally mothers determine whether the child is sick or not. Exercise 3. Complete the sentences according to the model. Translate them.
5. My sister answered that... Exercise 4. Complete the sentences translating parts of the sentences into English. 1. Пацієнт каже лікарю, that he has a sore throat. 2. Дівчина відповіла медсестрі, that she had a bad cold. 3.1 tell you, що я перестав палити.
4. The doctor asked, чи пацієнт відчуває біль у шлунку. 5. Не asks the boy, коли він консультувався у лікаря останній раз. Exercise 5. Learn the difference between the meaning of the following verbs. to say (said, said) — казати, говорити, повідомляти, заявляти That goes without saying. - Це очевидно. Say it again! - Повтори! Скажи знову! to speak (spoke, spoken) - говорити, виголошувати промову speak English - говорити англійською Speak loudly, please. - Говори голосно, будь ласка. to talk — говорити, розмовляти, бесідувати, обговорювати, радитись, пліткувати to talk against time - говорити, щоб виграти час; намагатися вкластися в установлений час I'd like to talk to him. - Я хотіла б поговорити з ним. to tell (told, told) — говорити, сказати, висловитись, наказувати, рахувати, пояснювати Never tell me. - Не розказуйте казок. Tell the nurse about it. - Скажіть медсестрі про це. Exercise 6. Fill in the blanks with the verbs to speak, to say, to tell, to talk in the correct form. 1. Alice would like to know what they... about the party. 2. Professor Sobko... at the meeting last Friday and... us a lot about the USA..3. I made a mistake in the last sentence and the teacher asked me to... it again.
4. He has already... to you about him. 5. What did she... about the disease? 6. Every time I see my friend Nick we... about our school times. 7. Our students always... that Lina can... English very well. 8. The nurse... that the patient who you'd like to... to discharged from the hospital
Hi. Independent Work: Cold War Exercise 1. Read the text and tell how to prevent colds. Cold War Your body aches. You can't breathe. Your head feels as if it might explode. There's no denying it: you've got a cold. Winter is prime time for catching colds. Getting over a cold takes about a week. Luckily, there are steps you can take to keep from getting sick. Invasion of Viruses So how do you catch a cold? Believe it or not, says Dr. Joel Steinberg, a pediatrician, it's not caused by being cold, having wet feet or going outside with a wet head. Colds are caused by viruses, tiny germs too small to be seen by microscopes. Sneezing is one way cold viruses are spread. Air blasts out of our nose at about 100 miles an hour, producing thousands of airborne drops that land everywhere. If your hands touch anything those virus-infected drops land on, even doorknobs and pencils, watch out! Your hands can then ship those germs into your body through your mouth, nose or eyes. Prepare for Battle It's easy to catch germs. But there are some things you can do to protect yourself - and other people. Wash your hands frequently with soap and warm water to get rid of any germs you may pick up. Don't share drink glasses, even if your friend doesn't look sick. Cold symptoms sometimes take days to show up. Use a tissue when you sneeze, and be sure to throw it away. If you don't have a tissue, sneeze into your shoulder, not your hand. Eat lots of fruit and vegetables. This will keep your body strong and able to fight off any invading germs. Attack! But sometimes, no matter what you do, you still catch a cold. Viruses are weird. Medicine won't make them go away; the only thing that will is time. You can help your body fight the virus by getting plenty of rest. Use your energy to get better. Another energy booster is drinking lots of water and juice. This prevents your body from becoming dehydrated, which makes you ever more tired. If the symptoms get worse after three or four days, your illness may be more than cold -see a doctor. Some folks believe curing a cold means eating lots of food like chicken soup and drinking plenty of orange juice which contains vitamin C. These home remedies have never been scientifically proven to work. But no one ever said they were completely wrong either. Chicken soup soothes a sore throat. Orange juice-like lots of juices- keeps you from getting dehydrated and tired. Over-the-counter medications from the drugstore make you feel better too. But they don't make the cold go away. Notes: explode [iks ptaud] вибухнути there's no denying it [di'nain] немає сумніву
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