somebody ◈ pen II S. [pɛn] pron. one, somebody, anybody ◇ WJ/376 ◈ Usually enclitic and mutated as ben II 4 страница

wild ◈ braig N. [brˈɑjg] (breig N.) adj. wild, fierce ◇ Ety/373, VT/45:34 ◈ The form brerg in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/45:34 ◈ * rhavan S. [ɹ̥ˈɑvɑn] pl. rhevain S. [ɹ̥ˈɛvɑjn] n. wild man ◇ WJ/219 ◈ rhaw III N. [ɹ̥ˈɑw] adj. wild, untamed ◇ Ety/382, X/RH, VT/46:10 ◈ Meaning rectified according to VT/46:10

wilderness ◈ gwaith S., N. [gwˈɑjθ] (gweith N.) n. 1. manhood ○ 2. by ext., man power, troop of able-bodied men, host, regiment, people ○ 3. by ext., region, wilderness ◇ Ety/398, VT/46:21, X/E1 ◈ * rhovan S. [ɹ̥ˈɔvɑn] (rhofan N.) n. wilderness ← Rhovanion LotR/Map, VT/46:10

will ◈ innas S. [ˈinnɑs] n. abst. of ind, will ◇ VT/44:21,26

willow ◈ tathar S. [tˈɑθr̩] (tathor N.) n. Bot. willow-tree ◇ Ety/391, S/438 ◈ tathren S., N. [tˈɑθrɛn] adj. of willow, having willows ◇ Ety/391, S/438

wily ◈ † coru *S. [kˈɔru] (corw N.) adj. cunning, wily ◇ Ety/366, X/W

wind ◈ gwaew N. [gwˈɑɛw] n. wind ◇ Ety/387 ◈ sûl I S. [sˈuːl] n. wind ◇ S/437

window ◈ henneth S. [hˈɛnnɛθ] n. window ◇ S/428

windy ◈ gwaeren S. [gwˈɑɛrɛn] adj. windy ◇ VT/42:15

wine ◈ * gwîn II S., N. [gwˈiːn] n. wine, vine ← Dorwinion LotR/Map, LB/11,26,17,112, LR/334,338, H/IX ◈ The wine of Dor-Winion occurs in the Lay of the children of Húrin and a place located either in the "burning South" in the first version, or probably east of the Blue Mountains in the second. Then we have Dorwinion as a meadow-land in Tol Eressëa at the end of the Quenta Silmarillion. It reappears in The Hobbit, and was finally placed North-West of the Sea of Rhûn in the decorated map by Pauline Baynes (see HL/115-117 for discussion). The meaning of this name is unknown and has been largely discussed. What do we have indeed in this "Winion", or rather gwinion since the initial w- must come from lenition? According to Christopher Tolkien, the Lay was begun c. 1918 and was composed during his father's stay at Leeds, a date meaning that the word can be Gnomish, possibly Early Noldorin, or in an indigenous language of Beleriand. In Gnomish and later in Doriathrin and Ilkorin, there is a genitive plural ending -ion which may very well be contained in this word. Then we would segment gwin-ion "of gwin ". The context calls for "wine", "vine" or something similar. It can hardly be a coincidence that gwin is precisely the Welsh word for "wine", a loan from the Latin vinum, as the English "wine" itself

wing ◈ † rafn *S. [rˈɑvn] (rhafn N.) n. wing (horn), extended point at side, etc. ◇ Ety/382, X/RH ◈ * roval S. [rˈɔvɑl] (rhofal N.) pl. † rovail *S. [rˈɔvɑjl] (rhofel N.) n. Biol. pinion, great wing (of eagle) ← Landroval LotR/VI:IV, Ety/382, X/RH

winter ◈ rhîw S. [ɹ̥ˈiːw] n. Cal. winter season ◇ LotR/D

wise ◈ goll N. [gˈɔll] adj. wise ◇ Ety/377 ◈ golwen N. [gˈɔlwɛn] adj. wise, learned in deep arts ◇ Ety/377 ◈ idhren N. [ˈiðrɛn] adj. pondering, wise, thoughtful ◇ Ety/361 ◈ noen N. [nˈɔɛn] adj. wise, sensible ◇ VT/46:9 ◈ sael S. [sˈɑɛl] adj. wise ← Saelon WJ/233, MR/305, SD/129-31

wish ◈ iest N. [jˈɛst] n. wish ◇ Ety/400

with ◈ ah S. [ɑh] prep. and conj. and, with ◇ MR/329 ◈ The title Athrabeth Finrod ah Andreth is translated as "converse of Finrod and Andreth", but some scholars actually believe this word to be unrelated with the conjunction a I, ar "and", and they render it as "with". Other scholars consider that "and" and "with" (in the comitative sense) are not exclusive of each other, and regard ah as the form taken by this conjunction before a vowel. That a, ar and ah are etymologically related has finally been confirmed in VT/43:29-30. Compare also with Welsh, where the coordination "and" also takes different forms whether it occurs before a vowel or a consonant (respectively ac and a). In written Welsh, a often triggers the aspirate mutation: bara a chaws "bread and cheese". This usage is seldom applied in colloquial Welsh (Modern Welsh §510) ◈ an- N. [ɑn] pref. with, by ◇ Ety/374◈ na S., N. [nɑ] prep. 1. with, by (also used as a genitive sign) ○ 2. to, towards, at ◇ Ety/374, LotR/I:XII

withered ◈ tharn N. [θˈɑrn] adj. sapless, stiff, rigid, withered ◇ Ety/388

withering ◈ * peleth S. [pˈɛlɛθ] n. fading, withering ← Narbeleth LotR/D ◈ * pelin N. [pˈɛlin] n. fading, withering ← Lhasbelin Ety/366

without ◈ ar- II N. [ɑr] pref. 1. Arch. etym. beside ○ 2. by ext., without ◇ Ety/349 ◈ * pen I S. [pɛn] prep. without, lacking, -less ← Iarwain ben-adar LotR/II:II

wizard ◈ curunír S. [kˈurunˌiːr] (curunir N.) n. m. man of craft, wizard ◇ Ety/366, LotR/III:VIII, LotR/B, VT/45:24 ◈ ithron S. [ˈiθrɔn] pl. ithryn S. [ˈiθryn] n. wizard ◇ UT/448, Letters/448

woe ◈ naeth S., N. [nˈɑɛθ] n. 1. biting ○ 2. by ext., woe (gets sense of gnashing teeth in grief) ← Elu-naeth WJ/258, Ety/374-375

wolf ◈ draug S., N. [drˈɑug] n. Zool. wolf ◇ Ety/354, S/430 ◈ garaf N. [gˈɑrɑv] n. Zool. wolf ◇ Ety/377 ◈ gaul N. [gˈɑul] n. wolf-howl ◇ Ety/377 ◈ gaurwaith S. [gˈɑur.wɑjθ] n. class pl. of gaur, wolf-men ◇ UT/85, UT/90

woman ◈ adaneth S. [ˈɑdɑnɛθ] n. f. (mortal) woman ◇ MR/349 ◈ * arwen S. [ˈɑrwɛn] n. f. noble woman ← Arwen (name) LotR ◈ bess S., N. [bˈɛss] n. f. 1. (young) woman ○ 2. wife ◇ Ety/352, SD/129-31 ◈ dess N. [dˈɛss] n. f. young woman ◇ Ety/375 ◈ dî N. [dˈiː] n. f. Poet. woman, lady ◇ Ety/352, Ety/354

wood ◈ eryn S. [ˈɛryn] n. wood ◇ UT/436, LotR/B ◈ glad S. [glˈɑd] n. wood ← Methed-en-Glad UT/452 ◈ taur II S., N. [tˈɑur] n. great wood, forest ◇ Ety/391, S/420, S/438 ◈ tawar S., N. [tˈɑwɑr] n. 1. wood (as a material) ○ 2. by ext., great wood, forest ← Tawar-in-Drúedain UT/467, Ety/391

wooden ◈ tawaren N. [tˈɑwɑrɛn] pl. tewerin N. [tˈɛwɛrin] adj. wooden ◇ Ety/391

woodpecker ◈ tavor N. [tˈɑvr̩] (tavr N., tafr N.) n. Orn. woodpecker (bird) ◇ Ety/390

wool ◈ taw N. [tˈɑw] adj. of wool, woollen ◇ Ety/394

woollen ◈ taw N. [tˈɑw] adj. of wool, woollen ◇ Ety/394

word ◈ peth S., N. [pˈɛθ] n. word ◇ Ety/366, LotR/II:IV, RS/463

world ◈ ardhon S. [ˈɑrðɔn] n. augm. of ardh, 1. Geog. great region, province ○ 2. by ext., world ← Calenardhon S/386, PM/348 ◈ gardh S. [gˈɑrð] n. 1. Geog. bounded or defined region ○ 2. by ext., world ◇ WJ/402

worn ◈ gern N. [gˈɛrn] adj. worn, old, decripit (used of things only) ◇ Ety/360

wose ◈ drû S. [drˈuː] pl. drúin S. [drˈuː.in] n. Pop. wild man, Wose, Púkel-Man ◇ UT/385 ◈ In PE/11:31, an older Gnomish word drû, drui meant "wood, forest", and in PE/13:142, the early Noldorin word drú; was assigned the meaning "dark". Drû; pl. Drúin later came to be used for the name of the Woses, with other derivatives (Drúadan, etc.). "Wose" is actually the modernization of an Anglo-Saxon word wasa only found in the compound wudu-wasa "wild man of the woods", cf. UT/385 sq. In the drafts of the "Ride of the Rohirrim" in WR/343-346, the Woses first appeared as "the dark men of Eilenach". Though internally said to derive from drughu in their own tongue, Tolkien's choice for the Sindarin name of the Woses was apparently influenced by earlier meanings assigned to this word ◈ drúadan S. [drˈuːɑdɑn] pl. drúedain S. [drˈuːɛdɑjn] n. Pop. wild man, one of the Woses ◇ UT/385 ◈ drúath S. [drˈuːɑθ] n. coll. of drû, Pop. the people of the Drû, the Woses ◇ UT/385

wound ◈ * harna- N. [hˈɑrnɑ] inf. harno N. [hˈɑrnɔ] v. to wound ◇ Ety/386 ◈ † haru *S. [hˈɑru] (harw N.) n. wound ◇ Ety/386, X/W

wounded ◈ harn II N. [hˈɑrn] adj. wounded ◇ Ety/386

woven ◈ * remmen S. [rˈɛmmɛn] pl. remmin S. [rˈɛmmin] pp. woven, netted, tangled ← galadhremmin LotR/E, LotR/II:I, RGEO/72

wreath ◈ rî S. [rˈiː] (rhî N.) n. crown, wreath, garland ◇ Ety/383, PM/347, X/RH

wright ◈ thavron N. [θˈɑvrɔn] n. carpenter, wright, builder ◇ Ety/388

wrist ◈ molif S. [mˈɔliv] n. Biol. wrist ◇ VT/47:6

write ◈ * teitha- N. [tˈɛjθɑ] inf. teitho N. [tˈɛjθɔ] pa. t. teithant N. [tˈɛjθɑnt] v. to write ◇ Ety/391, LotR/II:IV

wrong ◈ * neitha- S. [nˈɛjθɑ] v. to wrong, to deprive ← Neithan UT/456 ◈ † raeg *S. [rˈɑɛg] (rhoeg N.) adj. crooked, bent, wrong ◇ Ety/383, X/OE, X/RH ◈ úthaes S. [ˈuːθɑɛs] n. inducement to do wrong, temptation ◇ VT/44:30

wronged ◈ neithan S. [nˈɛjθɑn] adj. deprived, wronged ◇ UT/456

Y

yard ◈ sant S. [sˈɑnt] n. garden, field, yard (or other place in private ownership whether enclosed or not) ◇ VT/42:20

year ◈ ennin II N. [ˈɛnnin] n. Cal. Valian year ◇ Ety/400 ◈ † idhrinn *S. [ˈiðrinn] (idhrind N., idhrin N.) n. Cal. year ◇ Ety/383, Ety/400, X/ND4 ◈ în II N. [ˈiːn] n. Cal. year ◇ Ety/400 ◈ † penninor *S. [pˈɛnninɔr] (penninar N.) n. Cal. last day of the year ◇ Ety/400, X/Z

yelling ◈ glam S. [glˈɑm] (glamm S., N., glamb S., N.) n. 1. barbarous speech, shouting, confused noise ○ 2. din, uproar, the confused yelling and bellowing of beasts ○ 3. Pop. by ext., as a coll. noun, any body of Orcs ◇ Ety/358, Ety/377, WJ/390, WJ/416

yellow ◈ malen N. [mˈɑlɛn] pl. melin N. [mˈɛlin] adj. yellow ◇ Ety/386

Yoke ◈ †ianu *S. [jˈɑnu] (ianw N.) n. (?) yoke ◇ Ety/400, X/W ◈ It originally meant "bridge" in the Etymologies, but was apparently switched with iant

young ◈ neth I N. [nˈɛθ] adj. young ◇ Ety/377

youth ◈ nîth I N. [nˈiːθ] n. youth ◇ Ety/377