Mass MediaУпражнение 1. Прослушайте текст, ничего не фиксируя письменно. Since it was first formed as a company in 1922, the BBC has been a world leader in program production. It has pioneered communications in radio, television and online technologies. John Reith, the BBC's founding father, looked westwards in the 1920s to America's unregulated, commercial radio, and then east to the fledgling Soviet Union's rigidly controlled state system. Reith's vision was of an independent British broadcaster able to educate, inform and entertain the whole nation, free from political interference and commercial pressure. The British Broadcasting Company started daily transmissions on November 14, 1922. "Listening in" to the wireless in the United Kingdom quickly became a social and cultural phenomenon as the BBC in London, and regional stations around the country, gave birth to a new form of mass communication. There was drama, variety, talks, children's programs, popular and classical music and some news but in the early days only after 7 p.m. to avoid upsetting the newspapers. King George V was first heard on radio during a broadcast from the British Empire Exhibition of 1924. The speech was relayed on loudspeakers outside major department stores and the crowds were so large they stopped the traffic in the road. On the eve of World War II, the BBC had already started services to Europe in French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and English. The BBC's Television Service was created in 1936. Viewers were able to watch King George VI's Coronation Procession, see Wimbledon and the FA Cup Final, enjoy plays and opera and laugh at children's cartoons. The television service was suddenly blacked out for defence reasons on September 1, 1939. World War II was radio's war and the BBC nearly lost it in the opening skirmishes. Listeners wrote in to complain about the new Home Service, which seemed, to some, to be dominated by organ recitals and public announcements. Winston Churchill had no love for the BBC in the beginning. He called it "the enemy within the gates." The BBC emerged from the war with an enhanced reputation as a news broadcaster, particularly among listeners to the BBC's wartime radio services in the occupied countries. The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on June 2, 1953 in Westminster Abbey ushered in the television age. Упражнение 2. После однократного прослушивания текста упражнения 1 изложите его содержание письменно на английском языке. Постарайтесь передать как можно больше деталей. Упражнение 3. Опираясь исключительно на записи, сделанные по памяти (см. упражнение 2), переведите устно на русский язык прослушанный текст из упражнения 1. Упражнение 4. Подберите из правой колонки русские эквиваленты к словосочетаниям, помещенным в левой колонке.
a. прямой репортаж b. давление деловых кругов c. свобода прессы d. политическое вмешательство e. органный концерт f. правительственное сообщение g создатель h. коммерческое радио Упражнение 5. Переведите с листа на русский язык следующий текст, отставая на три-четыре слова от вашего коллеги, зачитывающего его на языке оригинала. For 39 days, 16 castaways will be marooned on a tropical island in the South China Sea. They will be forced to band together and carve out a new existence, using their collective wits to make surviving, without any conveniences of the modern world, a little easier. Day by day the location and tropical sun will test the endurance of the castaways. Each three days of island life will result in a one-hour Survivor episode. The survivors must form
their own co-operative island society, building shelter, gathering and catching food, and participating in contests for rewards. Those who succeed in the day-to-day challenges will be rewarded with things to make island life more bearable - simple comforts like pillows, some cold beer, and clean clothing. Those who fail must do without. On the last day of each three-day cycle, the castaways must form a tribal council. At this meeting, each person places a secret ballot vote to send one fellow castaway home, eliminating him or her from eligibility for the one million dollars. Week by week, one by one, the tribe shrinks until at the end of the final episode, only two survivors remain. At that point, the seven most recently eliminated castaways will return to form the final tribal council and decide who will be the final survivor, the winner of $1,000,000! Упражнение 5. Обсудите на английском языке анонс телевизионной передачи, приведенный в упражнении 5. Выскажите предположения о возможном развитии событий. Упражнение 7. Ознакомьтесь самостоятельно со следующими аббревиатурами. Переведите названия следующих компаний на русский язык. ABC - American Broadcasting Corporation ABS - American Broadcasting System BBC - British Broadcasting Company CBS - Columbia Broadcasting System CNN - Cable News Network GMTV - Greenwich Meantime Television ITN - Independent Television News ITV - Independent Television MTV - Music Television NBC - National Broadcasting Company Упражнение & Переведите письменно под диктовку преподавателя следующий текст. ITN is one of the best-known names in news production - and not just in the United Kingdom. As one of the largest and most respected independent news organisations in the world, ITN's unique and original brand of journalism is sought after by other market leaders in news production. With an extensive newsgathering machine, including a network of video journalists and 13 satellite newsgathering trucks, ITN offers immediate news from the UK as part of the ITN core coverage feed. Subscribers include Reuters TV, CNN, NBC and other prestigious broadcasters around the world. ITN also supplies finished reporter packages to market leaders, including the Channel Nine Network in Australia. Situated in the heart of the newsroom, ITN International is continually forging new partnerships with broadcast news operations around the world. It is now also a key supplier to speciality channels such as Eurosport UK and Bloomberg Television. Упражнение А Прослушайте текст, письменно фиксируя ключевую информацию. Опираясь на свои записи, переведите письменно на русский язык прослушанный текст. After 39 days of hard island living, the 39-year old corporate trainer from Newport, Rhode Island, won Survivor. For his troubles and toils, he takes home a million dollars, not to mention a Pontiac Aztek. Viewers may recall Rich's prediction on Day 1 on the island: "I've got the million-dollar check written in my name." The final three days of island living saw a nightly Tribal Council. The Final Four castaways (Rudy, Rich, Sue and Kelly) were narrowed down to three, then a final two. Sue was the first to go. Kelly won immunity at the Fallen Comrades Immunity Challenge, a competition in which the final four were quizzed on how much they knew about their former voted-off tribemates. Kelly knew the most, but Sue was a close second. In last place was Rich, ironic given that he's a communications expert yet seemed to know the least about his former tribemates; Rich, however, said he was not surprised by the outcome. With her third consecutive immunity in hand, Kelly was untouchable. Ultimately, after the first tie vote (between Rich and Sue), Kelly switched her vote to join Rudy against Sue. "Sorry," she said after voting off her former island confidante. With Sue gone, it was left to Rich, Kelly, and Rudy to endure the rite of passage necessary to be crowned winner of Survivor. Starting at dawn, just hours after voting Sue off, the trio slathered their bodies in grey mud and then walked on hot coals. Finally, each had to place one hand on the Immunity Idol. The last castaway to remove their hand would gain immunity. As the equatorial sun rose higher and higher in the sky, all three maintained contact with the carved token. However, Rich removed his hand voluntarily when offered a snack of orange slice. At four hours and 11 minutes in, Rudy inadvertently removed his while shifting positions, giving the contest to Kelly, now with four consecutive immunity rewards in hand and a guaranteed spot in the final two. This sealed Rudy's fate. Kelly cast the lone vote at that night's Tribal Council, tossing Rudy off the island after 38 heroic days. The final tribal council would come down to just Kelly and Rich. The final votes would be cast by the seven-member jury of Sean, Colleen, Rudy, Sue, Greg, Jenna and Gervase. Though it's hard to pinpoint exactly which action won victory for Rich, Sue's impassioned speech to the jury will long be remembered as vital to the cause. Saying she "couldn't decide whether to vote for the snake (Rich) or the rat (Kelly)," Sue ultimately argued that the jury decide the way "Mother Nature intended it to be, for the snake to eat the rat." Gerg, true to character, merely had Rich and Kelly pick a number between 1 and 10. Jenna asked an interesting question: If Rich or Kelly could choose two other castaways to be in the final two, who would they be? Rich picked Rudy and Greg; Kelly picked Sonja and Gretchen. In the end, however, it was just one vote that swung the game to Rich. But that was enough. He rose, and then calmly accepted the congratulations of Kelly and the jury. Упражнение 10. Обсудите на английском языке результаты телевизионной игры "Survivor" (упражнение 9). Насколько верными оказались ваши предположения на основе анонса передачи? Сравните передачи "Survivor" и «Последний герой». Выскажите свое отношения к подобного рода программам. Упражнение 11. Переведите на слух по предложению следующий отрывок, повторяя перевод всех предыдущих предложений, сделанный вашими коллегами (перевод с повторением). Информационное телеграфное агентство России (ИТАР-ТАСС), существует с 1904 г. и является одним из пяти крупнейших информационных агентств в мире. ИТАР-ТАСС остается центральным государственным агентством России. Расширение доступа к информации и внедрение новых компьютерных и телекоммуникационных технологий сделало возможным распространение выпускаемой агентством информации среди всех заинтересованных ведомств, организаций и частных лиц как в России, так и за ее пределами. В последние годы обогатилась и палитра предлагаемых агентством информационных продуктов, повысилась оперативность и увеличилось количество новостных сообщений. Также совершенствуются в соответствии с требованиями сегодняшнего дня технологии доставки. Большое число собственных корреспондентов, работающих по всему миру, позволяет ИТАР-ТАСС всегда находиться в курсе самых последних событий и актуальных происшествий. В настоящее время ИТАР-ТАСС имеет 74 бюро и офисов в России и других странах СНГ, а также 65 бюро в 62 странах за пределами СНГ. ИТАР-ТАСС также связан с более чем 80 зарубежными агентствами новостей. Упражнение 121 Разделитесь на две группы, одна из которых будет представлять российское творческое объединение, а другая - британскую телекоммуникационную корпорацию. Задачей одной группы является разработать концепцию новой телевизионной передачи, способной заинтересовать западного зрителя и предложить ее британской корпорации. Проведите переговоры, выделив в составе каждой группы по одному переводчику. (Каждый переводчик будет осуществлять перевод выступлений членов своей группы; обратный перевод будет осуществляться переводчиком другой стороны.) Упражнение 13. Переведите устно на русский язык следующие предложения, объясняя употребление артикля. 1. The ВВС broadened its horizons, providing the world's largest empire 2. Churchill found the BBC did have its uses. Many of his most famous 3. In 1957 the Queen broadcast the Christmas Message on television for 4. The closing years of the Millennium saw BBC programs flourishing.
5. The close of the twentieth century brought a landmark series that broke all viewing records for documentaries. "Walking with Dinosaus" brought the finest computer animation seen on television to bring to life the pre-historic world of the dinosaurs. It was seen by millions. The arrival of digital technology was to transform broadcasting. It brings marvellous new opportunities to television and radio - superior widescreen television pictures, interference free radio listening, CD quality sound, extra program services, interactive data and graphics. The BBC has been broadcasting in analogue since its inception in 1922, but the television and radio airwaves have become getting increasingly crowded. The answer is digital technology, which by compressing the signal is able to use the airwaves far more efficiently. The millennial theme continued with Castaway 2000, following a group of people who had volunteered to spend a year together on the remote Hebridean island of Tarantsay.
BBC Choice was launched on September 23, 1998 to complement programming on BBC 1 and BBC 2 by scheduling programs in a similar genre alongside. For example, viewers watching a classic adaptation on BBC 1 could turn to BBC Choice for a documentary about the author. 10. BBC Knowledge was launched on June 1, 1999 to bring together educa 11. Viewers can receive new TV services in three different ways - via sat 12. ITN provides ITV with four main bulletins a day: the ITV Morning Упражнение 14, Вставьте пропущенные артикли. Переведите устно на русский язык следующий текст. In.... November 1997 ITN acquired operating control of.... pan-European television news channel, EuroNews, which broadcasts.... 20 hours a day in.... six languages to over.... 94 million households in.... 43 countries. From September.... 2001, in.... deal with.... Russian state broadcaster RTR, EuroNews began broadcasting to.... country in.... Russian language.... 24 hours a day via satellite and.... 12 hours a day on terrestrial television. ITN's programs on.... ITV are.... Lunchtime News,.... Evening News,.... News at Ten and.... Early Morning News, as well as regular news headlines during.... day and night. There are also.... three programs.... day at weekends. Programs on.... Channel 4 include.... fifty minute analysis program,.... Channel 4 News, broadcast at.... 7:00 p.m. each weekday. There are also.... programs on Saturdays and Sundays. In addition ITN produces Powerhouse,.... half-hour program on.... happenings at.... Westminster, shown three times.... week at.... 11:30 a.m. ITN also produces First Edition,.... weekly news and current affairs program aimed at nine-to thirteen-year-olds for.... Channel and is contracted by independent producer, Planet 24, to provide.... news bulletins and headlines as.... integral part of.... Big Breakfast, Channel 4's weekday breakfast program. Упражнение 15. Переведите письменно на английский язык следующий текст, обращая внимание на употребление артикля. Сегодня, в новом тысячелетии, средства массовой информации (СМИ) являются не только одним из средств передачи и получения информации, но и единственным эффективным средством влияния на отдельного человека и общество в целом. Следовательно, СМИ могут либо привить человеку морально-нравственные качества, либо, наоборот, - направить его по ложному следу. Именно поэтому органы саморегулирования СМИ играют существенную роль в регулировании информационного пространства. Некоторые специалисты в области права СМИ утверждают, что под саморегулированием следует понимать только добровольные средства воздействия на СМИ. Любая попытка законодательно обязать СМИ, либо поощрить их за учреждение органов саморегулирования, сторонниками данной теории категорически отвергается. Оппоненты данной концепции не отрицают возможность существования «законодательного саморегулирования», когда сам закон обязывает СМИ учреждать органы саморегулирования. Критики данного подхода обычно ссылаются на то, что не законы создают морально-этические нормы, а духовные и нравственные нормы являются первоисточником закона. Обратная ситуация создает, по их мнению, препятствия развитию демократических институтов государства. Первый в Европе Совет по делам прессы был учрежден в 1916 г. в Швеции. В настоящее время Совет состоит из шести членов: трех представителей общественности и трех представителей прессы - по одному от каждой организации - учредителя Совета: Ассоциации газетных издателей, Союза журналистов и Национального пресс-клуба. Совет по делам прессы призван обеспечить соблюдение этических принципов СМИ в отношении частных лиц. Вся деятельность Совета строится на добровольной основе, и среди издателей печатных СМИ он пользуется большим авторитетом. Упражнение 16. Изучите следующие слова и словосочетания. Air эфир, передача: to be on (the) air - быть в эфире, to go on (the) air -выступать, передавать по радио / телевидению, вести передачу, to be off the air - закончить передачу. Syn: broadcast, broadcasting
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