Exercise 1. Find the gerunds; define their form and function in the sentence. Give all possible translations of the following sentences
1. The first alloys were formed by mixing metals with other substances. 2. I appreciate your helping me to solve this problem. 3. He took to visiting his friends without warning them about his coming. 4. He found parking in this area difficult. 5. I can’t stop him talking to the press. 6. In discussing the problem they touched upon some interesting items. 7. The hotel business worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding. 8. The investigation aims at establishing historical results regarding settlement and economic and social life. 9. The necessity of increasing productivity brought to these new inventions. 10. The first problem in reviewing the languages is to decide what to count a language. 11. H.Hollerith developed a binary coding scheme for representing data on paper cards through patterns of punched holes. 12. Coding schemes were devised as standardized methods of enclosing data for using in computer storage and processing. 13. Applying powerful machinery and effective methods means an increase of industrial production. 14. It is a common practice with the older cars starting the engine after its being heated. 15. Their participation is finding new ways to utilize the slag. 16. His weak health prevented him from taking part in this expedition. 17. The short radio waves travel ahead of the plane without being stopped by clouds, fog or smog. 18. He is determined to get tickets to this concert even if it means standing in a queue all night. 19. They tried putting wire netting round the garden. 20. Changing the timing of uncertainty resolution has a greater qualitative effect when uncertainty relates to cost rather than demand. 21. By comparing these two examples, one can assess whether consumers benefit from such arrangement of goods in modern supermarkets. 22. Developing a model for the transfer of carbon from martensite to austenite during quenching should provide a means for calculating the retained austenite. 23. When taking notes during a lecture, always focus on the main ideas. Listening for the main points is like looking for the topic sentences in a reading passage. 24. Oxygen is an active element of the atmosphere, and in addition to being essential for the maintenance of life it is also essential for combustion. the rusting of metals and decay of organic matter. 25. Many properties of HCl lead us to believe that instead of being composed of ions like the salts, it probably contains only molecules when in free state. 26. Most actual crystals are imperfect, owing to being grown under conditions in which solid material is some what impeded in reaching and being deposited on certain faces.
STEP 2 Word-formation: prefixes denoting time, order, location, state. ad- - возле, по направлению к ante-, pre- - перед, до, прежде con-, co-, col-, cor- - вместе (с) contra- (contro-, counter-) - против e-, ex- - из, от (направление); из, с (место); с, от, после (время) extra- за пределами in-, im- - в, на, внутрь infra- - низко, внизу inter- - между, среди intra- - внутри ob- - против, путем out- - из, пере- peri- - вокруг post- - после pre- - до, впереди prime- - первый pro- - вперед retro- - назад sub- - под super- - слишком trans- - через under- - низкий, незаконченное действие re- - повторение действия
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