1. Prices can be increased by the government next year.
2. Letters must be sent to our partners at once.
3. Does the work have to be done today?
4. These papers should not be translated now.
5. The economic independence of the country could not be won at the same time as political independence.
6. Necessities didn’t have to be bought last week.
7. More money should be spent on ecology.
8. Inflation’s impact on an economy is various and can be simultaneously positive and negative.
9. Low or moderate inflation may be attributed to fluctuations in real demand for goods and services.
10. When gold was used as currency, the government could collect gold coins, melt them down, mix them with other metals such as silver, copper and reissue them at the same nominal value.
11. An increase in the money supply may be called monetary inflation.
12. Products may be compared on price, style, quality, and other characteristics.
13. Any company that has market power can engage in price discrimination.
14. A company must have some degree of market power to practice price discrimination.
15. There are many ways in which a business may be owned under the legal system of England and Wales.
16. The ownership method alters the rules under which the company must be administered.
17. Sole traders are able to control the business.
18. Until the mid-nineteenth century, commercial banks in Britain were able to issue their own banknotes.
Глаголы “to be”, “to have”, “to do”
Глагол “to be”. The verb “to be”
| Значение глагола
“to be”
| Примеры
|
| Смысловой глагол
| to be + предлог + существительное
a) находиться, приходиться
The bulk of Britain foreign trade is with EU countries.
Основная часть внешней торговли Британии приходится на страны Евросоюза.
b) иметь, представлять
Foreign trade is of great significance of the economy of the UK.
Внешняя торговля имеет огромное значение для экономики Соединенного Королевства.
|
| Вспомогательный глагол
| to be + Participle I (the Continuous Tenses)
Britain’s foreign trade is constantly developing.
Внешняя торговля Британии постоянно развивается.
to be + Participle II (the Passive Voice)
Most goods are bought and sold on international markets.
Большинство товаров продают и покупают на международных рынках.
|
| Глагол-связка в именном сказуемом
| to be + существительное (прилагательное)
European countries are major buyers of oil and gas from Russia.
Европейские страны – главные покупатели нефти и газа из России.
|
| Эквивалент модального глагола
| to be +инфинитив с частицей to
The problem of oil supply is to be solved by the end of the year.
Проблема поставки нефти должна быть решена к концу года.
|
Глагол “to have”. The verb “to have”
| Значение глагола
“to have”
| Примеры
|
| Смысловой глагол
| to have + существительное
Great Britain has highly-developed chemical industry.
Великобритания имеет высокоразвитую химическую промышленность.
|
| Вспомогательный глагол
| to have + Participle II (the Perfect Tenses)
Their company has concluded a long-term contract.
Их компания заключила долгосрочный контракт.
|
| Эквивалент модального глагола
| to have + инфинитив с частицей to
The country had to decrease its import.
Страна вынуждена была снизить свой импорт.
|
Глагол “to do”. The verb “to do”
| Значение глагола
“to do”
| Примеры
|
| Смысловой глагол
| This company does consumer goods of high quality.
Эта компания производит потребительские товары высокого качества.
|
| Вспомогательный глагол
| The owner does not (doesn’t) have enough capital for expansion.
Владелец не имеет достаточно капитала для расширения.
|
| Слово-заместитель
| In the 1950s Germany played a considerably smaller role industrially than it did before World War II.
В пятидесятых годах Германия играла значительно меньшую роль в промышленном отношении, чем до 2-й мировой войны.
|
| Эмоционально-усилительная функция
| The report pointed out that EU countries do in fact work together successfully on a number of projects.
В докладе указывалось, что страны евросоюза весьма успешно ведут совместную работу по строительству ряда объектов.
|
