Identify the Absolute Participle Constructions and give Russian equivalents as shown in the following examples.
A) Examples: · A new theory being suggested,scientists will be able to use it. После того как была предложена новая теория, ученые изменили методику проведения эксперимента. · There being no atmosphere,the lunar surface is exposed to direct sunlight. Так как (поскольку) на Луне отсутствует атмосфера, то её поверхность подвергается воздействую прямых солнечных лучей. · Weathe r permitting, the astronomer will proceed with his observation. Если погода п озволит, астроном продолжит свои наблюдения. 1. The sun being near the zenith, its rays are nearly vertical. 2. The Earth's orbit being an ellipse, the distance between the Earth and the sun constantly changes. 3. The temperature increasing, we may expect the resistivity of the material decreasing. 4. The new approach showing promise, we began to develop it. 5. The device being repaired,we shall be able to use it.
B) Example: The atmosphere always containssome moisture, the amount varying all the time. Атмосфера всегда содержит какое-то количество влаги, причем/ при этом, а, и/ это количество все время изменяется. 1. The astronomer proceeded his observation, the sky having cleared. 2. The term "speed" means the rate of motion, the term "velocity" meaning the speed in a definite direction. 3. Power is the basis of civilization, all, industry and transport being dependant upon power in some form. 4. The nucleus is made up of neutrons and protons, the number of protons being equal to the number of electrons. 5. Special cameras may be used to photograph the ocean bed, the photographs showing any rocks and living organisms at depths of more than three kilometers.
4. Identify the Absolute Participle Constructions preceded by the preposition "with". Give Russian equivalents as shown in the following examples. Examples: · With research involving more and more people the profession of a scientist has become one of the most popular nowadays. По мере того, как научное исследование требует участия все большего числа людей, профессия ученого стала одной из самых популярных в наши дни. · The mixture of fuel and air prior to ignition is of heterogeneous nature,with atomization, vaporization and mixing occurring simultaneously. Смесь топлива и воздуха перед воспламенением имеет гетерогенный характер, причем распыление, испарение и смешивани е происходят одновременно. · With the experiments having been carried out,they started new investigations. После того как опыты были закончены, они начали новые исследования. 1. With highly accurate numerical predictions having been made, the experimental results were in good agreement with the theory. 2. With industrialization going on at its present rate, the world's fuel reserves will be exhausted within the near future. 3. With cell phone rates dropping, some people are disconnecting their old, wired phones in their homes and offices and using cellular phones for all of their calling needs. 4. With research involving more and more people the profession of a scientist has become one of the most popular nowadays. 5. The Moon is mainly responsible for the tides on the Earth, with the Sun also assisting simply by its direct attraction of the water. Progress Test 1. With the experiments having been carried out, we started new investigations. 2. Having made the measurements the experimenter then processed the data. 3. The work performed by this scientist showed good results. 4. This substance was more valuable than that obtained by the previous authors. 5. The substance being investigated contained some admixtures. 6. Having been weighed with insufficient accuracy the substance could not be used in quantitative analysis. 7. The equipment needed for the experiment was carefully checked. 8. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods. 9. The article discussed at the lesson yesterday deals with the problem of geology. 10. The energy used per second is proportional to the frequency.
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