Academic performance

 

1. academic (1) [ usually before noun ] relating to education in schools, colleges and universities, especially education at college and university level академический; учебный; педагогический: an academic education | This program is designed to raise academic standards. | The college offers both academic qualifications. | Increased self-confidence can help improve academic achievement. | Her name is well known in academic circles. | The article illustrates at least three important issues confronting many academic institutions.

(2) [ usually before noun ] concerned with learning from books and study rather than on practical skills and experience теоретический; научный: Feminist scholars have shown how all academic subjects / disciplines have been dominated by a male view of the world. | Different schools teach different types of syllabus, from the highly academic to the broadly vocational.

(3) good at learning things by studying хорошо успевающий в учебе, способный / склонный к учебе: He's a popular child, but not very academic. | I was never a particularly academic child. | Teachers must provide challenging activities for their more academic pupils. | The object was to select between academic and non-academic children.

2. vocational providing skills and education that prepare you for a particular job профессиональный: Not all the courses are purely vocational. | The vocational course in architecture seeks to equip students with the knowledge and skills needed to enter the profession. | The course offered some vocational skills.

3. to perform | to do (1) [ intransitive ] to do something with a particular amount of success демонстрировать / показывать результаты; выступать: to perform / do well / badly / poorly (in a subject) | Many religious schools perform well academically. | Improved nutrition will help disadvantaged children perform better in school. | He did well at school and graduated with honours. | Your child is doing well in English.

to perform / do well / badly (in / on an exam / test | on a paper / section / part) отвечать хорошо / плохо (на экзамене / зачете), получить высокую / низкую оценку (на экзамене / зачете): Most of the students performed / did well in / on the exam. | I bombed on the written section, but I think I did well on the multiple choice part.

(2) [ transitive ] to do something, especially something difficult or useful делать, выполнять: It was a difficult, demanding task to perform.

4. to achieve | (1) [ transitive ] to attain (formal) | to reach to successfully complete something or get a good result, especially by working добиваться, достигать; получать (оценку): We need to identify the best ways of achieving / attaining our aims / goals / objectives. | She achieved very good exam results. | She wanted to attain impossibly high standards. | He attained the highest grade in his music exams | Place more stress on ensuring that students achieve / reach high academic standards.

(2) [ intransitive ] to be successful in a particular kind of job or activity добиваться успеха: We want all our students to achieve within their chosen profession. | My parents constantly encouraged me to achieve. | Many students are driven by a desire to achieve.

5. to progress (in sth) [ intransitive ] to improve or develop in skills and knowledge делать успехи (в чем-л.); развиваться, совершенствоваться, прогрессировать; улучшаться: The students progressed at very different rates. | Once accepted, the frail child progressed well in general education. | Students have to progress through five separate levels.

6. to outdo / outperform [ transitive ] to do something better than someone else превосходить; выполнять что-л. лучше кого-л.: He always tries to outdo everybody else in the class. | Spanish students outperformed U.S. students in science.

7. to fall / lag behind (with sth) [ transitive; intransitive ] to make less progress or be less successful than other people who are doing a similar job or activity отставать: Certain other students simply fell behind so much that they could not catch up later on. | He was ill for six weeks and fell behind with his schoolwork.

8. to underachieve [ intransitive ] to do less well at school than you could do учиться ниже своих возможностей: Like a lot of boys his age, he's underachieving (educationally).

9. performance [ uncountable; countable ] the standard to which someone does something such as job or examination деятельность, работа; успеваемость, результаты учебы: The school has tried to improve students' academic performance. | His performance at school has greatly improved. | The new program will better evaluate the performance of students and teachers. | Researchers have long linked unfavourable family situations with poor academic performance.

10. progress (in sth) [ uncountable ] the process of developing or improving достижения, успехи; прогресс; совершенствование: The new national tests are intended to keep a closer check on children's progress. | Parents need to be informed of their children's progress.

to make progress (in / with sth) делать успехи (в чем-л.): He made progress in (the study of) English. | I'm not making much progress with my Spanish.

11. achievement | attainment (formal) [ countable; uncountable ] something very important and difficult that you have succeeded in doing by your own efforts достижение, успех; победа: We try to celebrate the achievements of our students. | The college has an outstanding record for sporting achievement. | It is the leading region in terms of the level of school attainment.

attainment target: All of the attainment targets can be assessed at various levels, with corresponding programmes of study leading towards them. | Good historical practice will usually ensure that the attainment targets are covered many times over in the course of the work.

sense of achievement: Teaching gave me a wonderful sense of achievement. | Meeting these attainable short-term goals can provide an important sense of achievement. | As he had passed all the exams, he felt / got a sense of achievement.

12. underachievement [ uncountable ] the act of doing less well at school than you could do учеба ниже своих возможностей: How are we going to tackle boys' (educational) underachievement in schools?

13. underachiever [ countable ] someone who does not do as well at school as they could do if they worked harder: How do educators determine if a child is an underachiever?

14. quick / fast learner | high achiever / attainer | bright child / pupil [ countable ] a pupil of high ability who does well at school способный ученик: He's a quick / fast learner. | She was a bright child and did well at school. | The brightest children would be expected to do about six questions within 30 minutes.

15. slow learner | low achiever / attainer [ countable ] a pupil of low ability who does poorly at school малоспособный ученик: the needs of slow learners | And slower learners should have three years instead of two to do their A-levels.

16. standard [ countable; uncountable ] a level of quality or achievement, especially one that people generally consider normal or acceptable уровень (образования / обучения / преподавания), образовательная подготовка; требования: (academic / educational) standards | Their academic standards are high / low. | She always produces work of a high / low standard. | Not all examiners assess students' performance by the same standards.

to be up to / come up to standard соответствовать требованиям: Now 34 % of the ten-year-olds are / come up to standard on reading.

to be below standard не соответствовать требованиям; быть ниже соответствующего уровня: This piece of work is below standard / is not up to standard.

to set / establish a standard / standards устанавливать требования / уровень: They are determined to set the highest standards. | Control means to establish standards of performance, measure performance against those standards, and take corrective action where required.

to maintain a standard / standards поддерживать уровень: We need to maintain high educational standards.

to achieve / reach / attain a standard / standards достичь соответствующего уровня: Place more stress on ensuring that students achieve high academic standards. | They insist that virtually all of their students reach a high educational standard. | She managed to attain impossibly high standards.

to meet / conform to / comply with standards соответствовать требованиям; находиться на соответствующем уровне: You can only set standards and then see if those standards are met.

to raise / improve / enhance standards повышать уровень / требования: The point of our educational reforms is to raise / improve standards. | Lavish praise given for undemanding and second-rate efforts lowers standards rather than enhances them.

to lower standards снижать уровень / требования: Another response was to lower admissions standards.

standards rise / go up уровень / требования повышается / повышаются: Academic standards are rising.

standards fall / drop / decline / slip / go down уровень / требования снижается / снижаются: Standards are falling as the quality of applicants declines.

uniform standards [ plural ] унифицированные / одинаковые требования: Several leaders in Jefferson's time urged the formation of a national system of education with uniform standards for schools in all the states.

17. (educational / academic) standard(s) [ plural ] a level of quality or achievement, especially one that people generally consider normal or acceptable требования (к обучаемым / преподаванию): We have begun the job of raising educational standards.

18. (educational / academic) standard(s) | teaching standards | standards of teaching | educational level | (level of) educational / academic achievement / attainment | attainment level / rate уровень / качество образования / подготовки, образовательная подготовка: They insist that virtually all of their students reach / achieve a high educational standard. | The National Curriculum is designed to raise standards by giving pupils and teachers definite national targets to aim for in the most important subjects. | The standards of teaching have attracted a good deal of criticism from all quarters in recent years. | We need to raise the level of academic achievement in public schools.

19. to pass (1) [ transitive; intransitive ] to succeed to be successful in an examination or test by achieving a satisfactory standard сдать, выдержать (экзамен, зачет): The exam is so hard that only 5% of all applicants pass. | Students had to pass oral and written exams before moving up. | She passed (in) history. | He passed on the written part of his test. | He succeeded in his exam / test.

to pass (an exam) with flying colours / honours / distinction | to get a distinction to get a very high mark: She passed (his final exams) with flying colours. | She passed the exam with honours. | She got a distinction in her piano exam.

(2) [ transitive ] to officially judge that someone has been successful in an examination or test because they have achieved a satisfactory standard поставить / выставить положительную оценку / зачет: The examiners passed only 40% of the candidates. | The examiners will only pass you if they feel that you have done the work properly.

20. to get through (an exam / test) to be successful in an exam or test сдать / выдержать экзамен, сдать зачет: The entrance exam is very difficult and only a small minority of candidates get through. | She got through her exams without too much trouble.

21. to get / put sb through (an exam / test) to make sure that someone is successful in an exam or test подготовить кого-либо к успешной сдаче экзамена / зачета: It was quite an effort to get my weakest students through the difficult English examination. | With additional classes, I was able to put all my students through (the exam).

22. to pull / scrape / squeeze through (an exam / test) to only just succeed in passing an examination or test, but with a lot of difficult сдать / выдержать экзамен с большим трудом, сдать зачет с большим трудом: You'll never pull through (the exam) unless you work had. | He scraped through the entrance exam. | She got into the music school by squeezing through the examination.

23. to sail / breeze through (an exam / test) to succeed very easily or confidently in an examination or test легко / успешно сдать экзамен / зачет: Adam sailed through his final exams. | Rachel sailed through with a distinction in all exam papers. | He breezed through the exam.

24. to fail | to flunk (esp. AmE) (informal) | to bomb (esp. AmE) (informal) (1) [ transitive; intransitive ] to be unsuccessful in a test or examination не сдать (экзамен / зачет), проваливаться (на экзамене / зачете), завалить (экзамен / зачет): She failed all her exams / tests. | We expected her to pass easily, but she failed by 15 marks. | He failed (in) chemistry. | I failed on the written part of my test. | I passed the written paper but failed on my oral. | She flunked the state bar exam four times before she finally passed. | I bombed the English test yesterday. | But what can we do to help the bright child who works well during term but bombs in exams through nerves? | I bombed on the quiz / the written section he gave us.

(2) [ transitive ] to officially judge that someone has been unsuccessful in a test or examination because they have not achieved a satisfactory standard поставить / выставить неудовлетворительную оценку, завалить: Examiners failed nearly 30% of the candidates. | The examiners failed him because he hadn't answered enough questions.

25. pass [ countable ] a successful result in a test or examination сдача экзамена (на уровне проходного балла); удовлетворительно (отметка): She got a pass in maths. | He has claimed he scored passes in ten out of ten final exam papers. | I got / scored a pass in my World Lit course. | I didn't think the candidate deserved to be given a pass but the other examiners disagreed.

26. fail [ countable ] an unsuccessful result in a test or examination неудача, провал; неудовлетворительно (отметка): I got / was given a fail in history. | John got three passes and four fails in his exams.

27. ability [ countable; uncountable ] the physical or mental power or skill needed to do something способность, умение; возможности; талант, дарование: The test measures verbal and mathematical ability. | He's a pupil of considerable / great / exceptional / remarkable / high / low / average ability / abilities. | There are students of all abilities in the school. | The tests were designed to assess the students' ability in oral comprehension. | The course material depends on the level of ability of the student. | Our courses cater for different levels of ability.

natural / innate / instinctive ability врожденные способности / врожденный талант: He has an innate musical ability.

to have / possess ability иметь способности: She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely. | He does not possess the necessary academic ability to study law.

to demonstrate / display / show ability демонстрировать / проявлять способности / умение: And both boys and girls with involved fathers demonstrate a greater ability to take initiative and direct themselves.

to lack ability не иметь способностей, не обладать способностями: She did not lack the ability to master the technology.

to enhance / improve / hone / maximize / strengthen ability совершенствовать способности: Good diet can help to maximize physical ability.

28. aptitude [ countable; uncountable ] a natural ability or skill, especially in learning склонность, способность, сообразительность, одаренность; врожденные способности / врожденный талант: The score of 87 represents low or below-average academic aptitude. | We will take your personal aptitudes and abilities into account.

to have / possess (an) aptitude (for sth) иметь способности / склонность: He has a natural aptitude for teaching. | Some students have more aptitude for academic work than others.

to show / demonstrate / display (an) aptitude (for sth) демонстрировать / проявлять способности / склонность: At an early age Susan showed an aptitude for languages. | At Cambridge he showed little aptitude for study.

to lack aptitude не иметь способностей / склонности, не обладать способностями / склонностью: None of them have the time, admittedly, but most are also lacking the aptitude.

29. capability [ countable ] the natural ability, skill, or power that makes a person able to do something, especially something difficult одаренность, талантливость, способность, (потенциальные) возможности / способности; врожденные способности / врожденный талант: He has the capability of becoming / to become an excellent teacher.

to demonstrate one's capabilities демонстрировать / проявлять свои способности

within / beyond someone's capabilities: The course is well within the capabilities of most people. | I can speak French, but simultaneous translation is beyond my capabilities.

30. capacity [ countable; uncountable ] an ability, usually great, to do something or to behave in a particular way способность, (большие) умственные способности: He has an enormous capacity for hard work. | Children have a remarkable capacity to learn language.

31. skill [ countable; uncountable ] an ability to do something well, especially as a result of experience and training умение, навык; искусство, мастерство; ловкость, сноровка: Reading and writing are two different skills. | In the primary grades, teachers put emphasis on language and reading skills. | You need good communication skills for this job. | Many jobs today require computer skills / a high level of skill. | We teach our students a range of skills.

to have / possess a skill (in / at sth / doing sth): She had / possessed great writing skills. | I have no skill in / at speaking eloquently / writing essays. | Students need to possess certain basic skills by the time they finish school.

to acquire / gain / learn / master a skill приобретать умение / навык, овладевать умением / навыком: There are no opportunities to acquire new skills. | The course helps people gain the skills they need to run a successful business. | People learn skills best by practice plus systematic feedback.

to develop a skill развивать / совершенствовать умение / навык: On the course you will develop skills in business management. | These exercises develop the student's reading and writing skills.

to teach sb a skill обучать кого-л. умению / навыку: He taught me the skill of writing essays.

to improve / hone a skill совершенствовать / оттачивать умение / навык: I would like to improve my presentation skills.

to demonstrate / display / show (a) skill (at / in sth / doing sth) демонстрировать / проявлять умение / навык: She showed great skill in painting portraits.

to lack a skill не иметь умения / навыка, не обладать умением / навыков: She lacks basic skills to get a job.

32. mixed ability [ countable; uncountable ] different levels of educational ability; including or designed for students with different levels of educational ability разные уровни способностей: I have children in my class of very mixed abilities. | Comprehensive school pupils are of mixed abilities, and come from a variety of social backgrounds in the local area. | I am writing a textbook for mixed ability classes in comprehensive schools based on this model. | One dealt with the issue of mixed ability teaching as a separate issue.